View source for List of CNS-active medicines

This page lists medicines and research materials with documented '''central nervous system (CNS) effects''', organized by pharmacological class. Approved pharmaceuticals, controlled substances, botanical medicines, and research materials are all included.

'''Note:''' This list is continuously expanded. Pages marked as stubs are awaiting clinical detail.

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== Antidepressants ==

=== Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) ===

* [[Citalopram]] (Celexa)
* [[Escitalopram]] (Lexapro)
* [[Fluvoxamine]] (Luvox)
* [[Paroxetine]] (Paxil)


=== Serotonin–Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) ===

* [[Venlafaxine]] (Effexor)
* [[Desvenlafaxine]] (Pristiq)
* [[Levomilnacipran]] (Fetzima)
* [[Milnacipran]] (Savella)


=== Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) ===

* [[Amitriptyline]] (Elavil)
* [[Amoxapine]]
* [[Clomipramine]] (Anafranil)
* [[Desipramine]] (Norpramin)
* [[Doxepin]] (Sinequan)
* [[Imipramine]] (Tofranil)
* [[Maprotiline]] (Ludiomil)
* [[Nortriptyline]] (Pamelor)
* [[Protriptyline]] (Vivactil)
* [[Trimipramine]] (Surmontil)


=== Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) ===

* [[Isocarboxazid]] (Marplan)
* [[Moclobemide]] (Aurorix)
* [[Phenelzine]] (Nardil)
* [[Tranylcypromine]] (Parnate)


=== Atypical / Other Antidepressants ===

* [[Agomelatine]] (Valdoxan)
* [[Bupropion]] (Wellbutrin)
* [[Mirtazapine]] (Remeron)
* [[Nefazodone]] (Serzone)
* [[Reboxetine]] (Edronax)
* [[Tianeptine]] (Stablon)
* [[Trazodone]] (Desyrel)
* [[Vilazodone]] (Viibryd)
* [[Vortioxetine]] (Trintellix)
* [[Atomoxetine]] (Strattera)


== Antipsychotics / Neuroleptics ==

=== First-Generation (Typical) ===

* [[Chlorpromazine]] (Thorazine)
* [[Droperidol]] (Inapsine)
* [[Fluphenazine]] (Prolixin)
* [[Loxapine]] (Loxitane)
* [[Molindone]] (Moban)
* [[Perphenazine]] (Trilafon)
* [[Pimozide]] (Orap)
* [[Prochlorperazine]] (Compazine)
* [[Thioridazine]] (Mellaril)
* [[Thiothixene]] (Navane)
* [[Trifluoperazine]] (Stelazine)


=== Second-Generation (Atypical) ===

* [[Aripiprazole]] (Abilify)
* [[Asenapine]] (Saphris)
* [[Brexpiprazole]] (Rexulti)
* [[Cariprazine]] (Vraylar)
* [[Clozapine]] (Clozaril)
* [[Iloperidone]] (Fanapt)
* [[Lumateperone]] (Caplyta)
* [[Lurasidone]] (Latuda)
* [[Olanzapine]] (Zyprexa)
* [[Paliperidone]] (Invega)
* [[Quetiapine]] (Seroquel)
* [[Risperidone]] (Risperdal)
* [[Ziprasidone]] (Geodon)


== Mood Stabilizers ==

* [[Carbamazepine]] (Tegretol)
* [[Lamotrigine]] (Lamictal)
* [[Oxcarbazepine]] (Trileptal)
* [[Valproic acid]] (Depakote)


== Anxiolytics & Sedative-Hypnotics ==

=== Benzodiazepines ===

* [[Bromazepam]] (Lexotan)
* [[Chlordiazepoxide]] (Librium)
* [[Clobazam]] (Onfi)
* [[Clonazepam]] (Klonopin)
* [[Clorazepate]] (Tranxene)
* [[Diazepam]] (Valium)
* [[Estazolam]] (ProSom)
* [[Flurazepam]] (Dalmane)
* [[Flunitrazepam]] (Rohypnol)
* [[Lorazepam]] (Ativan)
* [[Lormetazepam]]
* [[Midazolam]] (Versed)
* [[Nitrazepam]] (Mogadon)
* [[Oxazepam]] (Serax)
* [[Quazepam]] (Doral)
* [[Temazepam]] (Restoril)
* [[Triazolam]] (Halcion)


=== Z-Drugs ===

* [[Eszopiclone]] (Lunesta)
* [[Zaleplon]] (Sonata)
* [[Zolpidem]] (Ambien)
* [[Zopiclone]] (Imovane)


=== Other Anxiolytics ===

* [[Buspirone]] (Buspar)
* [[Hydroxyzine]] (Vistaril)
* [[Meprobamate]] (Miltown)


=== Orexin Antagonists ===

* [[Lemborexant]] (Dayvigo)
* [[Suvorexant]] (Belsomra)


=== Melatonin Medicines ===

* [[Melatonin]]
* [[Ramelteon]] (Rozerem)
* [[Tasimelteon]] (Hetlioz)


== Stimulants & Wake-Promoting Agents ==

=== Amphetamines ===

* [[Amphetamine]] (Adderall)
* [[Dextroamphetamine]] (Dexedrine)
* [[Lisdexamfetamine]] (Vyvanse)
* [[Methamphetamine]] (Desoxyn)
* [[Ephedrine]]
* [[Fenethylline]] (Captagon)


=== Methylphenidates ===

* [[Methylphenidate]] (Ritalin)
* [[Dexmethylphenidate]] (Focalin)


=== Non-Stimulant ADHD Medicines ===

* [[Clonidine]] (Kapvay)
* [[Guanfacine]] (Intuniv)
* [[Viloxazine]] (Qelbree)


=== Eugeroics ===

* [[Adrafinil]]
* [[Armodafinil]] (Nuvigil)
* [[Modafinil]] (Provigil)
* [[Pitolisant]] (Wakix)


=== Xanthines ===

* [[Caffeine]]
* [[Theacrine]]
* [[Theophylline]]


=== Other Stimulants ===

* [[Cocaine]]
* [[Nicotine]]
* [[Phenethylamine]]
* [[Propylhexedrine]] (Benzedrex)
* [[Pseudoephedrine]] (Sudafed)
* [[Prolintane]]
* [[Desoxypipradrol]]
* [[Bromantane]]
* [[Cyclazodone]]
* [[Methiopropamine]]


=== Barbiturates ===

* [[Pentobarbital]] (Nembutal)
* [[Phenobarbital]] (Luminal)
* [[Secobarbital]] (Seconal)
* [[Thiopental]] (Pentothal)
* [[Methohexital]] (Brevital)
* [[Primidone]] (Mysoline)


=== GABAergics ===

* [[Baclofen]] (Lioresal)
* [[GHB]] (Xyrem)
* [[GBL]]
* [[1,4-Butanediol]]
* [[Gaboxadol]] (THIP)
* [[Kava]]
* [[Methaqualone]] (Quaalude)
* [[Phenibut]]
* [[F-Phenibut]]
* [[Gabapentin]] (Neurontin)
* [[Pregabalin]] (Lyrica)


== Opioids / Analgesics ==

=== Natural Opioids ===

* [[Morphine]]
* [[Codeine]]
* [[Thebaine]]
* [[Papaverine]]


=== Semisynthetic Opioids ===

* [[Buprenorphine]] (Suboxone)
* [[Butorphanol]] (Stadol)
* [[Diacetylmorphine]] (Heroin)
* [[Dihydrocodeine]]
* [[Ethylmorphine]]
* [[Hydrocodone]] (Vicodin)
* [[Hydromorphone]] (Dilaudid)
* [[Nalbuphine]] (Nubain)
* [[Oxycodone]] (OxyContin)
* [[Oxymorphone]] (Opana)


=== Synthetic Opioids ===

* [[Alfentanil]] (Alfenta)
* [[Carfentanil]]
* [[Dextropropoxyphene]] (Darvon)
* [[Fentanyl]] (Duragesic)
* [[Levorphanol]]
* [[Methadone]] (Dolophine)
* [[Meperidine]] (Demerol)
* [[O-Desmethyltramadol]] (O-DSMT)
* [[Pentazocine]] (Talwin)
* [[Remifentanil]] (Ultiva)
* [[Sufentanil]] (Sufenta)
* [[Tapentadol]] (Nucynta)
* [[Tramadol]] (Ultram)
* [[U-47700]]
* [[Acetylfentanyl]]
* [[Desomorphine]] (Krokodil)


=== Opioid Antagonists ===

* [[Naloxone]] (Narcan)
* [[Naltrexone]] (Vivitrol)
* [[Nalmefene]] (Selincro)


=== Kratom & Related ===

* [[Kratom]]
* [[Mitragynine]]
* [[7-Hydroxymitragynine]]


== Anticonvulsants / Antiepileptics ==

* [[Brivaracetam]] (Briviact)
* [[Cannabidiol]] (Epidiolex)
* [[Cenobamate]] (Xcopri)
* [[Eslicarbazepine]] (Aptiom)
* [[Ethosuximide]] (Zarontin)
* [[Felbamate]] (Felbatol)
* [[Fenfluramine]] (Fintepla)
* [[Fosphenytoin]] (Cerebyx)
* [[Lacosamide]] (Vimpat)
* [[Levetiracetam]] (Keppra)
* [[Perampanel]] (Fycompa)
* [[Phenytoin]] (Dilantin)
* [[Rufinamide]] (Banzel)
* [[Stiripentol]] (Diacomit)
* [[Tiagabine]] (Gabitril)
* [[Topiramate]] (Topamax)
* [[Vigabatrin]] (Sabril)
* [[Zonisamide]] (Zonegran)


== Antiparkinsonian Medicines ==

* [[Levodopa]]
* [[Carbidopa/levodopa]] (Sinemet)
* [[Pramipexole]] (Mirapex)
* [[Ropinirole]] (Requip)
* [[Rotigotine]] (Neupro)
* [[Bromocriptine]] (Parlodel)
* [[Cabergoline]] (Dostinex)
* [[Apomorphine]] (Apokyn)
* [[Rasagiline]] (Azilect)
* [[Safinamide]] (Xadago)
* [[Selegiline]] (Eldepryl)
* [[Entacapone]] (Comtan)
* [[Opicapone]] (Ongentys)
* [[Tolcapone]] (Tasmar)
* [[Benztropine]] (Cogentin)
* [[Biperiden]] (Akineton)
* [[Trihexyphenidyl]] (Artane)
* [[Amantadine]] (Symmetrel)


== Anti-Dementia Medicines ==

* [[Donepezil]] (Aricept)
* [[Galantamine]] (Razadyne)
* [[Rivastigmine]] (Exelon)
* [[Memantine]] (Namenda)
* [[Aducanumab]] (Aduhelm)
* [[Lecanemab]] (Leqembi)
* [[Donanemab]] (Kisunla)


== Anesthetics ==

=== General & Inhalational ===

* [[Propofol]] (Diprivan)
* [[Etomidate]] (Amidate)
* [[Esketamine]] (Spravato)
* [[Sevoflurane]]
* [[Isoflurane]]
* [[Desflurane]]
* [[Halothane]]
* [[Nitrous oxide]]
* [[Xenon]]
* [[Dexmedetomidine]] (Precedex)
* [[Chloroform]]
* [[Diethyl ether]]


=== Local Anesthetics ===

* [[Benzocaine]]
* [[Bupivacaine]]
* [[Lidocaine]]
* [[Procaine]]
* [[Ropivacaine]]


== Muscle Relaxants (CNS-acting) ==

* [[Carisoprodol]] (Soma)
* [[Chlorzoxazone]] (Parafon Forte)
* [[Cyclobenzaprine]] (Flexeril)
* [[Methocarbamol]] (Robaxin)
* [[Metaxalone]] (Skelaxin)
* [[Orphenadrine]] (Norflex)
* [[Tizanidine]] (Zanaflex)


== Antihistamines (CNS-active) ==

* [[Brompheniramine]]
* [[Chlorpheniramine]]
* [[Cyproheptadine]] (Periactin)
* [[Dimenhydrinate]] (Dramamine)
* [[Diphenhydramine]] (Benadryl)
* [[Doxylamine]] (Unisom)
* [[Meclizine]] (Antivert)
* [[Promethazine]] (Phenergan)


== Addiction Medicine ==

* [[Acamprosate]] (Campral)
* [[Disulfiram]] (Antabuse)
* [[Lofexidine]] (Lucemyra)
* [[Varenicline]] (Chantix)


== Migraine Medicines ==

=== Triptans ===

* [[Almotriptan]] (Axert)
* [[Eletriptan]] (Relpax)
* [[Frovatriptan]] (Frova)
* [[Naratriptan]] (Amerge)
* [[Rizatriptan]] (Maxalt)
* [[Sumatriptan]] (Imitrex)
* [[Zolmitriptan]] (Zomig)


=== Gepants (CGRP antagonists) ===

* [[Atogepant]] (Qulipta)
* [[Rimegepant]] (Nurtec)
* [[Ubrogepant]] (Ubrelvy)
* [[Lasmiditan]] (Reyvow)


=== Ergotamines ===

* [[Dihydroergotamine]] (DHE)
* [[Ergotamine]] (Cafergot)


== Psychedelics ==

=== Classical Psychedelics ===

* [[DMT]]
* [[LSD]]
* [[Psilocybin]]
* [[Psilocin]]
* [[Ibogaine]]
* [[Salvinorin A]]
* [[LSA]]
* [[Ayahuasca]]
* [[Bufotenin]]
* [[Iboga]]


=== Empathogens / Entactogens ===

* [[MDMA]]
* [[MDA]]
* [[MDAI]]
* [[MDEA]]
* [[5-APB]]
* [[5-MAPB]]
* [[6-APB]]
* [[6-APDB]]
* [[PMA]]
* [[PMMA]]


=== Dissociatives ===

* [[Phencyclidine]] (PCP)
* [[Dextromethorphan]] (DXM)
* [[Dextrorphan]] (DXO)
* [[Diphenidine]]
* [[Ephenidine]]


=== Deliriants ===

* [[Atropine]]
* [[Hyoscyamine]]
* [[Scopolamine]] (Transderm)
* [[Benzydamine]] (Tantum)
* [[Datura]]
* [[Muscimol]]
* [[Ibotenic acid]]
* [[Myristicin]]
* [[Amanita muscaria]]


== Cannabinoids ==

* [[THC]]
* [[Delta-8-THC]]
* [[Delta-10-THC]]
* [[THCP]]
* [[HHC]]
* [[Dronabinol]] (Marinol)
* [[Nabilone]] (Cesamet)
* [[Nabiximols]] (Sativex)
* [[JWH-018]]
* [[JWH-073]]
* [[5F-AKB48]]
* [[5F-PB-22]]
* [[AB-FUBINACA]]
* [[APICA]]
* [[STS-135]]
* [[THJ-018]]
* [[THJ-2201]]


== Nootropics ==

* [[Aniracetam]]
* [[Coluracetam]]
* [[L-Theanine]]
* [[Noopept]]
* [[Oxiracetam]]
* [[Phenylpiracetam]]
* [[Piracetam]]
* [[Pramiracetam]]
* [[Semax]]


== Botanicals & Natural Medicines ==

* [[Cannabis]]
* [[Psilocybin mushrooms]]
* [[Peyote]]
* [[San Pedro cactus]]
* [[Morning Glory]]
* [[Hawaiian Baby Woodrose]]
* [[Salvia divinorum]]
* [[Syrian rue]]
* [[Harmine]]
* [[Harmaline]]
* [[Tetrahydroharmine]]
* [[Blue lotus]]
* [[Calea zacatechichi]]
* [[Yopo]]


== Research Materials ==

=== Lysergamides ===

* [[1B-LSD]]
* [[1cP-LSD]]
* [[1P-LSD]]
* [[1V-LSD]]
* [[AL-LAD]]
* [[ALD-52]]
* [[ETH-LAD]]
* [[LSH]]
* [[LSZ]]
* [[MiPLA]]
* [[PRO-LAD]]


=== Tryptamines ===

* [[4-AcO-DET]]
* [[4-AcO-DiPT]]
* [[4-AcO-DMT]]
* [[4-AcO-MET]]
* [[4-AcO-MiPT]]
* [[4-HO-DET]]
* [[4-HO-DiPT]]
* [[4-HO-DPT]]
* [[4-HO-EPT]]
* [[4-HO-MET]]
* [[4-HO-MiPT]]
* [[5-MeO-DALT]]
* [[5-MeO-DiPT]]
* [[5-MeO-DMT]]
* [[5-MeO-MiPT]]
* [[aMT]]
* [[Baeocystin]]
* [[DET]]
* [[DiPT]]
* [[DPT]]
* [[EPT]]
* [[MET]]
* [[MiPT]]
* [[5,6-MDO-DMT]]


=== 2C-x and DOx Phenethylamines ===

* [[2C-B]]
* [[2C-C]]
* [[2C-D]]
* [[2C-E]]
* [[2C-I]]
* [[2C-P]]
* [[2C-T-2]]
* [[2C-T-7]]
* [[2C-B-FLY]]
* [[Bromo-DragonFLY]]

* [[DOB]]
* [[DOC]]
* [[DOI]]
* [[DOM]]
* [[TMA-2]]


=== NBOMe / NBOH Series ===

* [[25B-NBOMe]]
* [[25B-NBOH]]
* [[25C-NBOMe]]
* [[25C-NBOH]]
* [[25I-NBOMe]]
* [[25I-NBOH]]
* [[25N-NBOMe]]


=== Mescaline Analogues ===

* [[Allylescaline]]
* [[Escaline]]
* [[Methallylescaline]]
* [[Proscaline]]


=== Cathinones & Pyrrolidinophenones ===

* [[3-MMC]]
* [[Butylone]]
* [[Cathinone]]
* [[Ephylone]]
* [[Ethcathinone]]
* [[Ethylone]]
* [[Hexedrone]]
* [[Mephedrone]]
* [[Methcathinone]]
* [[Methylone]]
* [[Mexedrone]]
* [[N-Ethylhexedrone]]
* [[N-Ethylpentedrone]]
* [[Pentedrone]]
* [[alpha-PHP]]
* [[alpha-PVP]]
* [[MDPV]]


=== Novel Amphetamines ===

* [[2-FA]]
* [[2-FMA]]
* [[3-FA]]
* [[3-FMA]]
* [[4-FA]]
* [[4-FMA]]


=== Novel Phenidates ===

* [[3,4-CTMP]]
* [[4F-EPH]]
* [[4F-MPH]]
* [[Ethylphenidate]]
* [[Isopropylphenidate]]
* [[Methylnaphthidate]]


=== Novel Dissociatives (Arylcyclohexylamines) ===

* [[2-FDCK]]
* [[3-HO-PCE]]
* [[3-HO-PCP]]
* [[3-MeO-PCE]]
* [[3-MeO-PCP]]
* [[4-MeO-PCP]]
* [[Deschloroketamine]]
* [[Eticyclidine]]
* [[Methoxetamine]]
* [[O-PCE]]


=== Novel / Designer Benzodiazepines ===

* [[Clonazolam]]
* [[Diclazepam]]
* [[Deschloroetizolam]]
* [[Etizolam]]
* [[Flualprazolam]]
* [[Flubromazepam]]
* [[Flubromazolam]]
* [[Flunitrazolam]]
* [[Metizolam]]
* [[Nifoxipam]]
* [[Pyrazolam]]


=== Miscellaneous Research Materials ===

* [[2-AI]]
* [[NM-2-AI]]
* [[Nitromethaqualone]]
* [[mCPP]]
* [[RTI-111]]
* [[5-HTP]]
* [[Acacia confusa]]


[[Category:Lists]]
[[Category:Medicines]]