https://pharmacopedia.wiki/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Category%3ACardiovascular_herbs 2026-05-28T20:15:06Z Revision history for this page on the wiki MediaWiki 1.46.0-beta https://pharmacopedia.wiki/index.php?title=Category:Cardiovascular_herbs&diff=6938&oldid=prev 2026-05-23T19:12:42Z

<p>Create canonical category-page article (history-first)</p> <p><b>New page</b></p><div>A &#039;&#039;&#039;cardiovascular herb&#039;&#039;&#039; is a plant medicine used to support cardiovascular function, treat cardiovascular symptoms, or modify cardiovascular risk. The Western clinical tradition has organised these herbs into a small number of mechanistically distinct groups: the [[wikipedia:Cardiac glycoside|cardiac glycoside]] plants (the historical foxglove and lily of the valley, whose isolated active principles became the pharmaceutical [[wikipedia:Digoxin|digoxin]]), the cardiotonic-and-hypotensive &#039;&#039;&#039;hawthorn&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;Crataegus monogyna&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;C. laevigata&#039;&#039;), the antiplatelet &#039;&#039;&#039;garlic&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;Allium sativum&#039;&#039;) and &#039;&#039;&#039;ginger&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;Zingiber officinale&#039;&#039;), the antihypertensive &#039;&#039;&#039;hibiscus&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;Hibiscus sabdariffa&#039;&#039;) and &#039;&#039;&#039;olive leaf&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;Olea europaea&#039;&#039;), and the lipid-modifying &#039;&#039;&#039;red yeast rice&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;Monascus purpureus&#039;&#039; on rice; produces monacolin K, identical to the pharmaceutical lovastatin).<br /> <br /> The foundational cardiovascular herb is hawthorn, with substantial controlled-trial evidence for symptomatic improvement in NYHA class I-II heart failure (the SPICE trial, the cumulative meta-analyses) and a long European clinical-pharmacology tradition. The hawthorn flavonoid (oligomeric procyanidins, vitexin-rhamnoside) fraction has demonstrated mild inotropic, mild vasodilator, and antiarrhythmic effects in animal models. The Western clinical use overlaps substantially with the European phytotherapy tradition (Commission E approved for stage II NYHA heart failure) and with the British Herbal Pharmacopoeia.<br /> <br /> The TCM cardiovascular tradition is distinct in its herbal approach to the same indications. &#039;&#039;&#039;Dan shen&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;Salvia miltiorrhiza&#039;&#039;), used for two thousand years for &quot;blood stasis&quot; patterns (coronary disease, ischaemic stroke recovery), contains the tanshinone diterpenes and salvianolic acids with substantial antiplatelet and antioxidant evidence; it is one of the principal medicines of the contemporary Chinese cardiovascular materia medica. &#039;&#039;&#039;San qi&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;Panax notoginseng&#039;&#039;), the haemostatic-and-antithrombotic Yunnan ginseng, is used both topically and orally for cardiovascular indications. The Ayurvedic &#039;&#039;&#039;arjuna&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;Terminalia arjuna&#039;&#039;) has a Charaka Samhita lineage and contemporary controlled-trial evidence for stable angina.<br /> <br /> The antihypertensive and lipid-modifying herbs cross into the [[:Category:Antihypertensives|antihypertensives]] and [[:Category:Lipid-lowering_agents|lipid-lowering agents]] pharmaceutical umbrellas. The interaction profile is clinically substantial: hawthorn and digoxin (additive cardiac glycoside effect; not recommended in combination), garlic and antiplatelet medicines (additive bleeding risk), red yeast rice and statins (additive HMG-CoA reductase inhibition and myopathy risk).<br /> <br /> == Members indexed ==<br /> <br /> Hawthorn (&#039;&#039;Crataegus monogyna&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;C. laevigata&#039;&#039;), garlic (&#039;&#039;Allium sativum&#039;&#039;), ginger (&#039;&#039;Zingiber officinale&#039;&#039;), hibiscus (&#039;&#039;Hibiscus sabdariffa&#039;&#039;), olive leaf (&#039;&#039;Olea europaea&#039;&#039;), red yeast rice (&#039;&#039;Monascus purpureus&#039;&#039; on rice), dan shen (&#039;&#039;Salvia miltiorrhiza&#039;&#039;), san qi (&#039;&#039;Panax notoginseng&#039;&#039;), arjuna (&#039;&#039;Terminalia arjuna&#039;&#039;), motherwort (&#039;&#039;Leonurus cardiaca&#039;&#039;), lily of the valley (&#039;&#039;Convallaria majalis&#039;&#039;; restricted, cardiac glycoside), night-blooming cereus (&#039;&#039;Selenicereus grandiflorus&#039;&#039;; the historical Eclectic cardiotonic), the historical foxglove (&#039;&#039;Digitalis purpurea&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;D. lanata&#039;&#039;; now used principally as the source of pharmaceutical digoxin rather than as a herbal preparation), and the lipid-modifying psyllium (&#039;&#039;Plantago ovata&#039;&#039;) and oat bran (&#039;&#039;Avena sativa&#039;&#039;).<br /> <br /> == Notes on scope ==<br /> <br /> The boundary of this category is &quot;herb whose principal or important indication is cardiovascular.&quot; The plant-derived pharmaceuticals that have been isolated into pharmaceutical use (digoxin from foxglove; the older cardiac glycosides ouabain and digitoxin) are listed under [[:Category:Heart_failure_medications|heart failure medications]] and at their individual medicine pages; the corresponding herbal pages document the parent plant. The antihypertensive and lipid-modifying pharmaceuticals are listed under their primary umbrellas. The omega-3 fish-oil preparations are not herbal medicines and are listed under [[:Category:Omega-3_fatty_acids|omega-3 fatty acids]].<br /> <br /> == About these pages ==<br /> <br /> This category page is an encyclopedia article about its subject. The actual index of herbs belonging to the category is generated automatically by the wiki engine, from category-membership declarations on the individual herb pages, and appears at the foot of the page below the references.<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> &lt;references/&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:Plants]]<br /> [[Category:Herbal_medicines]]<br /> [[Category:CuratedCategoryPage]]</div>

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