MDElliottMD: home-claude category backfill (parser-claude gap closure)

2026-05-23T10:43:36Z

home-claude category backfill (parser-claude gap closure)

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:43, 23 May 2026
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	== References ==		== References ==
	<references />		<references />
			[[Category:Calcineurin inhibitors]]
			[[Category:Immunosuppressants]]

MDElliottMD: parser-claude batch MedTemplate pre-fill, Top 300 #179

2026-05-23T03:56:08Z

parser-claude batch MedTemplate pre-fill, Top 300 #179

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{{MedTemplate
| generic = Cyclosporine (ciclosporin)
| brand = Sandimmune, Neoral (modified microemulsion, increased bioavailability), Gengraf, Restasis (ophthalmic)
| structure =
| classes = [[:Category:Calcineurin_inhibitors|Calcineurin inhibitor]], [[:Category:Immunosuppressants|Immunosuppressant]]
| uses = <vote slug="transplant-rejection-prevention-use">Solid organ transplant rejection prevention</vote>, <vote slug="bmt-gvhd-use">Bone marrow transplant GVHD prophylaxis</vote>, <vote slug="psoriasis-severe-use">Severe psoriasis (short-term rescue)</vote>, <vote slug="ra-refractory-use">Refractory rheumatoid arthritis</vote>, <vote slug="dry-eye-disease-use">Dry eye disease (ophthalmic emulsion)</vote>
| starting_dose = Transplant: 5-10 mg/kg/d divided BID, titrated to trough levels (typically 100-300 ng/mL depending on regimen and post-transplant interval); ophthalmic Restasis 0.05% one drop BID
| preparations = Sandimmune 25, 100 mg capsules; Neoral 25, 100 mg modified soft gel; 100 mg/mL oral solution; 50 mg/mL IV; Restasis 0.05% ophthalmic emulsion
| fda_max = Transplant: regimen-specific
| pill_id =
| routes = Oral, IV, ophthalmic
| onset = Days for immunosuppressive effect
| duration = Dosing-frequency dependent
| halflife = ~8-27 hours (highly variable across the population)<ref name="neoral-label">FDA Prescribing Information, Neoral (cyclosporine, USP) MODIFIED, Novartis, current revision. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2015/050715s039,050716s041lbl.pdf</ref>
| bioavailability = Sandimmune: highly variable (~30%); Neoral microemulsion: ~50%, less variable; '''Sandimmune and Neoral are NOT bioequivalent and not interchangeable'''<ref name="neoral-label" />
| pregnancy = Used in transplant pregnancy when continued immunosuppression is required; reassuring data overall but careful monitoring needed.{{citation needed}}
| legal = [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries '''Boxed Warning''' for risk of malignancy and serious infection; nephrotoxicity, hypertension, and immunosuppression-associated complications<ref name="neoral-label" />
| mechanism = <vote slug="cyclosporine-mech-claim">Cyclosporine binds cyclophilin to form a complex that inhibits calcineurin, blocking the calcium-dependent phosphatase activation of NFAT and downstream IL-2 transcription; the net effect is selective inhibition of T-cell activation.</vote> CYP3A4 substrate with extensive drug-interaction profile (azoles, macrolides, calcium channel blockers, grapefruit) and P-glycoprotein inhibition affecting digoxin, statins, and others. Therapeutic drug monitoring is universal — trough levels (or AUC) define safe efficacy windows<ref name="neoral-label" />.
}}

== References ==
<references />

Cyclosporine - Revision history

MDElliottMD: home-claude category backfill (parser-claude gap closure)

MDElliottMD: parser-claude batch MedTemplate pre-fill, Top 300 #179