MDElliottMD: home-claude category backfill (parser-claude gap closure)

2026-05-23T10:43:33Z

home-claude category backfill (parser-claude gap closure)

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:43, 23 May 2026
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	== References ==		== References ==
	<references />		<references />
			[[Category:Direct vasodilators]]
			[[Category:Antihypertensives]]

MDElliottMD: parser-claude batch MedTemplate pre-fill, Top 300 #109

2026-05-23T03:46:15Z

parser-claude batch MedTemplate pre-fill, Top 300 #109

New page

{{MedTemplate
| generic = Hydralazine
| brand = Apresoline (historical); mostly generic; combination with isosorbide dinitrate marketed as BiDil for self-identified Black patients with HFrEF
| structure =
| classes = [[:Category:Direct_vasodilators|Direct arteriolar vasodilator]], [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]]
| uses = <vote slug="hypertensive-emergency-use">Hypertensive urgency/emergency (IV)</vote>, <vote slug="resistant-hypertension-use">Resistant hypertension (oral, adjunct)</vote>, <vote slug="hfref-african-american-use">Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (with isosorbide dinitrate, especially in self-identified Black patients)</vote>, <vote slug="hypertension-pregnancy-use">Severe hypertension in pregnancy (IV)</vote>
| starting_dose = PO 10 mg QID; IV 5-10 mg every 20-30 minutes for hypertensive emergency
| preparations = 10, 25, 50, 100 mg tablets; 20 mg/mL IV
| fda_max = 300 mg/d typical practical limit (toxicity rises sharply above)
| pill_id =
| routes = Oral, IV, IM
| onset = IV: 5-20 minutes; PO: 30-60 minutes
| duration = IV: 1-4 hours; PO: 3-8 hours
| halflife = 3-7 hours (slow acetylators) vs 1-3 hours (rapid acetylators) via NAT2 polymorphism<ref name="apresoline-label">FDA Prescribing Information, hydralazine HCl, current revision. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/008303s069lbl.pdf</ref>
| bioavailability = ~25-50% (oral; substantial first-pass via NAT2 acetylation, phenotype-dependent)<ref name="apresoline-label" />
| pregnancy = One of the historically preferred IV agents for severe hypertension in pregnancy alongside labetalol and nifedipine.{{citation needed}}
| legal = [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US
| mechanism = <vote slug="hydralazine-mech-claim">Hydralazine relaxes arteriolar smooth muscle predominantly (with little venous effect), reducing systemic vascular resistance; the mechanism is incompletely understood but involves interference with IP3-induced calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum and possibly cGMP elevation.</vote> Reflex sympathetic activation (tachycardia, sodium retention) is the dose-limiting effect; pairing with a β-blocker and a diuretic blunts both. '''Drug-induced lupus''' is the recognized chronic-use toxicity, with risk concentrated in slow acetylators (NAT2 phenotype) and disproportionate in women; antinuclear antibody positivity is common at higher chronic doses<ref name="apresoline-label" />.
}}

== References ==
<references />

Hydralazine - Revision history

MDElliottMD: home-claude category backfill (parser-claude gap closure)

MDElliottMD: parser-claude batch MedTemplate pre-fill, Top 300 #109