Labetalol: Difference between revisions

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| generic = Labetalol

| classes = Beta blocker

| brand = Trandate, Normodyne (discontinued in US)

| ~~intro~~ = ~~Labetalol is a beta blocker that also has~~ blood-~~vessel~~-~~widening (vasodilating~~) ~~activity through alpha blockade~~.

| structure =

| classes = [[:Category:Beta blockers|Combined alpha-1 and non-selective beta blocker]], [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]]

| uses = <vote slug="hypertension-use">Hypertension (FDA)</vote>, <vote slug="hypertensive-crisis-use">Hypertensive crisis and severe hypertension (FDA, IV)</vote>, <vote slug="pregnancy-induced-hypertension-use">Hypertension in pregnancy, including preeclampsia and eclampsia (FDA; among the safest antihypertensives in pregnancy)</vote>

| starting_dose = Oral: 100 mg PO BID, titrate to 400 mg BID. IV: 20 mg over 2 minutes, repeat 40-80 mg every 10 minutes as needed (maximum cumulative 300 mg); continuous infusion 2 mg/minute

| preparations = Tablets 100, 200, 300 mg; injection 5 mg/mL

| fda_max = 2400 mg/day (oral); 300 mg total per IV bolus dosing series

| pill_id =

| routes = Oral, intravenous

| onset = BP effect within hours (oral); 5-10 minutes (IV)

| duration = 8-12 hours (oral); 4-6 hours (IV)

| halflife = ~6-8 hours<ref name="trandate-label">FDA Prescribing Information, Trandate (labetalol hydrochloride), Prometheus/Bausch, current revision. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2010/018716s022lbl.pdf</ref>

| bioavailability = ~25% (oral; extensive first-pass)<ref name="trandate-label" />

| pregnancy = '''Among the safest antihypertensives in pregnancy''', recommended for chronic hypertension during pregnancy and first-line for severe hypertension in preeclampsia and eclampsia<ref name="trandate-label" />

| legal = [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US

| mechanism = <vote slug="labetalol-mech-claim">'''Combined α1-adrenergic and non-selective β-adrenergic receptor antagonist''' with approximately 1:3 α:β ratio orally and 1:7 IV. The combined α and β blockade lowers blood pressure through two complementary mechanisms: reduced cardiac output and renin secretion (the β effect, shared with all β-blockers) plus reduced peripheral vascular resistance via vasodilation (the α effect, distinguishing labetalol from selective β-blockers).</vote> The favorable pregnancy safety profile and the dual mechanism support its first-line role in pregnancy-associated hypertension and in hypertensive emergencies where rapid, controllable BP reduction is needed<ref name="trandate-label" />.

}}

== References ==

[[Category:Beta blockers]]

[[Category:Antihypertensives]]

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