Meclizine: Difference between revisions
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MDElliottMD (talk | contribs) Comprehensive categorization: +First-generation antihistamines |
MDElliottMD (talk | contribs) parser-claude: Meclizine MedTemplate refill, Top 300 stub upgrade |
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{{MedTemplate | {{MedTemplate | ||
| generic | | generic = Meclizine | ||
| brand | | brand = Antivert (Rx), Bonine (OTC), Dramamine Less Drowsy (OTC) | ||
| structure | | structure = | ||
| classes | | classes = [[:Category:Antihistamines|First-generation antihistamine (piperazine)]], [[:Category:Antiemetics|Antiemetic]], [[:Category:Antivertigo medicines|Antivertigo medicine]] | ||
| | | uses = <vote slug="motion-sickness-use">Motion sickness prevention (OTC and FDA)</vote>, <vote slug="vertigo-use">Vertigo (FDA)</vote>, <vote slug="meniere-disease-symptomatic-use">Symptomatic Meniere disease (off-label)</vote> | ||
| uses | | starting_dose = Motion sickness: 25-50 mg PO 1 hour before travel, repeat every 24 hours as needed. Vertigo: 25-100 mg/day divided | ||
| starting_dose | | preparations = Tablets 12.5, 25 mg; chewable tablets 25 mg | ||
| preparations | | fda_max = 100 mg/day (vertigo) | ||
| fda_max = | | pill_id = | ||
| routes | | routes = Oral | ||
| onset | | onset = ~1 hour | ||
| duration | | duration = 12-24 hours (long for an antihistamine) | ||
| halflife | | halflife = ~6 hours<ref name="antivert-label">FDA Prescribing Information, Antivert (meclizine hydrochloride), Pfizer/various, current revision. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/010721s059lbl.pdf</ref> | ||
| bioavailability | | bioavailability = ~25% (oral)<ref name="antivert-label" /> | ||
| pregnancy | | pregnancy = Older agent with substantial use experience; observational signals reassuring for first-trimester exposure.{{citation needed}} | ||
| legal | | legal = [[USLegal:Over-the-counter|OTC]] as Bonine and Dramamine Less Drowsy; [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] as Antivert | ||
| | | mechanism = <vote slug="meclizine-mech-claim">First-generation H1 receptor antagonist with central nervous system penetration. Additional moderate anticholinergic activity contributes to the antiemetic and antivertigo effects, acting at central vestibular pathways and the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the area postrema. Less sedating than diphenhydramine on a milligram basis, but more sedating than the second-generation non-sedating antihistamines.</vote> Anticholinergic burden (dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, cognitive effects) is the principal adverse-event concern and the basis for Beers-list cautions in elderly patients<ref name="antivert-label" />. | ||
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== References == | |||
<references /> | |||
[[Category:Antihistamines]] | [[Category:Antihistamines]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Antiemetics]] | ||
[[Category:Antivertigo medicines]] | |||