Category:Monoclonal antibodies: Difference between revisions

The therapeutic applications now extend across essentially every domain of medicine. The oncologic monoclonal antibodies include the receptor-targeted (trastuzumab for HER2, cetuximab and panitumumab for EGFR, bevacizumab for VEGF, daratumumab for CD38, isatuximab for CD38, mogamulizumab for CCR4), the lymphocyte-depleting (rituximab for CD20, obinutuzumab and ofatumumab for CD20, alemtuzumab for CD52, blinatumomab as the CD3xCD19 bispecific T-cell engager), the immune-checkpoint inhibitors that have transformed oncology (ipilimumab anti-CTLA-4, the PD-1 antibodies pembrolizumab and nivolumab and dostarlimab, the PD-L1 antibodies atezolizumab and durvalumab and avelumab, the LAG-3 antibody relatlimab), and the antibody-drug conjugates (trastuzumab emtansine and trastuzumab deruxtecan for HER2-positive tumours, enfortumab vedotin for nectin-4, sacituzumab govitecan for TROP-2, polatuzumab vedotin for CD79b, brentuximab vedotin for CD30). The autoimmune-disease antibodies cover the TNF pathway (infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, certolizumab pegol), IL-6 (tocilizumab, sarilumab), IL-1 (canakinumab), IL-17 (secukinumab, ixekizumab, brodalumab), IL-23 (ustekinumab, guselkumab, risankizumab, mirikizumab, tildrakizumab), IL-4 (dupilumab), IL-5 (mepolizumab, reslizumab, benralizumab), TSLP (tezepelumab), CD20 in multiple sclerosis (ocrelizumab, ofatumumab, ublituximab), the integrin antagonists (natalizumab, vedolizumab), C5 (eculizumab, ravulizumab, crovalimab), FcRn (efgartigimod, rozanolixizumab, batoclimab in trial), and the IgE antibody omalizumab. The ophthalmologic anti-VEGF antibodies (ranibizumab, brolucizumab, faricimab, the related VEGF-trap aflibercept) treat neovascular age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal vein occlusion. The neurology antibodies include the CGRP-pathway migraine prophylactics (erenumab, galcanezumab, fremanezumab, eptinezumab) and the anti-amyloid medicines for Alzheimer's disease (aducanumab, lecanemab, donanemab). The infectious-disease monoclonal antibodies include the RSV agents (palivizumab, nirsevimab), the SARS-CoV-2 monoclonals (now replaced as variants outpaced earlier products), the Ebola monoclonals (atoltivimab/maftivimab/odesivimab as Inmazeb, ansuvimab as Ebanga), and the rabies post-exposure monoclonals.

The boundary of this category is "medicine consisting of a recombinant monoclonal antibody or a closely related antibody-derived molecule." The closely related '''antibody-drug conjugates''' (a monoclonal antibody linked to a cytotoxic payload through a cleavable linker) and the '''bispecific T-cell engagers''' (CD3-binding antibody linked to a tumour-antigen-binding domain) are included in this category by convention. The Fc-fusion proteins (etanercept, abatacept, belatacept, aflibercept) are not technically monoclonal antibodies but are listed under [[:Category:Biologics|biologics]] alongside the mAbs. The intravenous immunoglobulin (polyclonal IgG from pooled human donors) is not a monoclonal antibody and is listed separately under [[:Category:Immunomodulators|immunomodulators]]. The CAR-T cell products and other cellular immunotherapies use engineered immunoglobulin-derived receptors but are not in themselves antibody medicines; they are listed under cellular medicines in [[:Category:Biologics|biologics]] and [[:Category:Immunomodulators|immunomodulators]].