Drilldown: Medicines

None (5) · Citalopram (1) · Escitalopram (1) · Hydroxyzine (hydrochloride; pamoate salt) (1) · Lactated Ringer's solution (1)

Aduhelm (1) · Celexa (1) · Kisunla (1) · Lactated Ringer's Injection (Baxter, B. Braun, ICU Medical); Hartmann's solution (intl.) (1) · Leqembi (1) · Lexapro (1) · Vistaril (pamoate), Atarax (HCl, discontinued in US as brand) (1) · Vyepti (1) · Zulresso (1)

Anti-amyloid beta (Aβ) monoclonal antibody (3) · Anti-CGRP ligand monoclonal antibody (1) · GABA-A positive allosteric modulator (1) · Neuroactive steroid (1) · targets protofibrils (1) · targets pyroglutamated Aβ in plaques (1) · [[:Category:Antidepressants|Antidepressant]] (2) · [[:Category:Antihistamines|First-generation antihistamine]] (1) · [[:Category:Antipruritics|Antipruritic]] (1) · [[:Category:Anxiolytics|Anxiolytic]] (2) · [[:Category:Crystalloid_IV_fluids|Crystalloid IV fluid]] (1) · [[:Category:Electrolyte_replacements|Electrolyte replacement]] (1) · [[:Category:Sleep aids|Sleep aid (off-label)]] (1) · [[:Category:SSRIs|Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)]] (2)

None (3) · Human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting aggregated forms of amyloid-β (Aβ), soluble oligomers and insoluble fibrils. Reduces Aβ plaque burden on PET imaging via Fc-mediated microglial clearance. Whether plaque reduction translates to clinical benefit is the core controversy. (1) · Humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody binding CGRP peptide; IV infusion enables fastest onset of any CGRP mAb (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"' '''QT prolongation''' risk at high doses prompted the FDA's 2015 caution against use in patients with prolonged QT or with concurrent QT-prolonging medicines'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"' CYP2C19 + CYP3A4 metabolism, with CPIC PGx guidance: poor CYP2C19 metabolizers have ~3-fold higher exposure and benefit from a lower starting dose; ultrarapid metabolizers may have inadequate response'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"'. (2) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000086-QINU`"' Calcium content is a relative contraindication for co-administration with citrated blood products through the same line'"`UNIQ--ref-00000087-QINU`"'. (1)

Alzheimer disease (FDA accelerated approval June 2021; '''withdrawn from market January 2024''' by manufacturer Biogen). At time of approval indicated for MCI or mild dementia stage of AD. (1) · Alzheimer disease (MCI or mild dementia stage), FDA-approved July 2024 (1) · Alzheimer disease (MCI or mild dementia stage); FDA accelerated approval Jan 2023 → traditional approval July 2023 (1) · Postpartum depression (PPD) in adults (1) · Preventive treatment of migraine in adults (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"' (3) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000088-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000089-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000008A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000008B-QINU`"' (1)

10 mg PO once daily; titrate to 20 mg/day after 1-2 weeks if needed (1) · 10 mg/kg IV every 2 weeks (1) · 100 mg IV every 3 months; may increase to 300 mg IV every 3 months (1) · 20 mg PO once daily; titrate to 40 mg/day after 1 week if tolerated. Elderly (>60) and hepatic impairment: 20 mg/day ceiling (1) · 700 mg IV q4w × 3 doses, then 1400 mg IV q4w; may discontinue when amyloid PET shows clearance (1) · Anxiety: 25-50 mg PO QID. Pruritus: 25 mg PO TID-QID. Insomnia: 25-50 mg PO at bedtime. Pediatric: 50-100 mg/day divided (1) · Single 60-hour continuous IV infusion: 30 mcg/kg/h × 4h → 60 mcg/kg/h × 20h → 90 mcg/kg/h × 28h → 60 mcg/kg/h × 4h → 30 mcg/kg/h × 4h (1) · Volume titrated to clinical status; typical adult bolus 500-1000 mL, then reassess (1) · Was 1 mg/kg IV q4w × 2, then 3 mg/kg × 2, then 6 mg/kg × 2, then 10 mg/kg q4w (1)

100 mg/20 mL vial, single-use (1) · 100 mg/mL vial for IV infusion (1) · 200 mg/2 mL, 500 mg/5 mL vials for IV infusion (1) · 250, 500, 1000 mL IV bags. Composition per liter: Na+ 130 mEq, K+ 4 mEq, Ca2+ 3 mEq, Cl- 109 mEq, lactate 28 mEq (1) · 350 mg/20 mL vial for IV infusion (1) · Tablets 10, 20, 40 mg; oral solution 10 mg/5 mL (1) · Tablets 10, 25, 50 mg (HCl); capsules 25, 50, 100 mg (pamoate); oral suspension 25 mg/5 mL; injection 25, 50 mg/mL (IM only, never IV) (1) · Tablets 5, 10, 20 mg; oral solution 1 mg/mL (1) · Was: 170 mg/1.7 mL, 300 mg/3 mL vials for IV infusion (1)

'''20 mg/day in adults >60 years''' per FDA's 2011-2012 QT-prolongation warning; 40 mg/day in adults ≤60 (1) · 10 mg/kg q2w (1) · 1400 mg q4w (1) · 20 mg/day (adult); 10 mg/day in elderly and in hepatic impairment (1) · 300 mg/quarter (1) · 400 mg/day theoretical; in practice rarely exceeds 200 mg/day (1) · No fixed maximum; titrated to clinical endpoints (1) · Single 60-hour course (1) · Withdrawn 2024 (1)

intramuscular (1) · Intravenous (continuous infusion in a REMS-certified facility) (1) · Intravenous infusion (1) · IV (1) · IV infusion (60 min) every 2 weeks; outpatient or infusion-center setting (1) · IV infusion every 4 weeks (2) · Oral (3)

15-30 minutes (oral) (1) · Amyloid PET clearance within months; cognitive benefit over 18 months (1) · Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks; full clinical effect 4-6 weeks (1) · Antidepressant effect over 1-2 weeks; full clinical effect 4-6 weeks (1) · Antidepressant effect within hours of infusion start; sustained at 30 days (1) · Effect demonstrated within 24 hours in some patients (1) · Immediate intravascular expansion (1) · PET Aβ reduction over months (1) · Slowing of cognitive decline over 18 months (modest effect, ~27% relative slowing) (1)

24 hours (once-daily dosing) (2) · 3-month dosing interval (1) · 4-6 hours (1) · Ongoing dosing (1) · Roughly 20-30% remains intravascular at 1 hour (1) · Single infusion course (1) · Treatment can be discontinued upon achieving amyloid clearance (1) · Withdrawn (1)

14-25 hours (longer in elderly and hepatic impairment)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) · 27-32 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) · Not applicable (electrolyte solution) (1) · ~12.1 days (1) · ~25 days (1) · ~27 days (1) · ~35 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) · ~5-7 days (1) · ~9 hours (terminal) (1)

None · 100% (IV) · ~100% from subcutaneous depot · ~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' · 70–90% (oral) · ~100% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"' · ~50% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"' · ~95% · '''Saturable''' via the LAT-1 amino-acid transporter, producing nonlinear pharmacokinetics: ~60% at 300 mg single dose, falling to ~35% at 1200 mg single dose'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002A-QINU`"' · 10-20% (oral; reduced by food, calcium, antacids, PPIs, tea/coffee; enhanced by ascorbate) · 100% (IV); essentially complete (oral) · 100% (IV); rapidly neutralized by gastric acid (oral) · 16-21% capsule, 25% suspension (oral; iron and antacids reduce absorption substantially)'"`UNIQ--ref-000009E5-QINU`"' · 25 mg: ~29%; 50 mg: ~35%; food reduces absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C4F-QINU`"' · 30-40% (oral; increases with repeated dosing as gastric pH rises)'"`UNIQ--ref-000000DF-QINU`"' · 40-45% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000025C-QINU`"' · 40-80% (oral); reduced by food, calcium, iron, PPIs, fiber; take fasting with water'"`UNIQ--ref-00000037-QINU`"' · 42-58% (oral; dose-dependent)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AEF-QINU`"' · 50-60% (oral; decreased with food, but food given anyway for GI tolerance)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000019-QINU`"' · 60-70% PO at low doses; saturable at high doses (parenteral routes preferred above 15-25 mg/week)'"`UNIQ--ref-000007C9-QINU`"'

Other values:

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None (1) · Discontinued/withdrawn (1) · Limited data (2) · Limited data; avoid (1) · Limited human data; older agent with substantial use experience; some signal for first-trimester exposure but not conclusive.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Medicine is structurally identical to endogenous allopregnanolone; pregnancy considerations relate to breastfeeding during/after infusion. Limited data; brief interruption of breastfeeding considered (1) · Observational signal for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (small absolute risk) and neonatal adaptation syndrome with third-trimester exposure.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Standard resuscitation fluid in pregnancy (1)

Rx (1) · Rx; ARIA monitoring required (1) · Rx; REMS program required (excessive sedation/loss of consciousness during infusion) (1) · Rx; REMS-like program for ARIA monitoring (1) · Withdrawn from US market January 2024 (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries the antidepressant '''Boxed Warning''' for suicidality in children, adolescents, and young adults'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (2) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Not a controlled substance, which is a meaningful clinical advantage over the benzodiazepine alternatives for short-term anxiety'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (1)