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Choose a table:
Medicines (732)
Medicines
> generic:
Khat
&
bioavailability
:
~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"'
or
None
Use the filters below to narrow your results.
generic:
(Click arrow to add another value)
None
·
Codeine
·
1,4-Butanediol
·
1B-LSD
·
1cP-LSD
·
1P-LSD
·
1V-LSD
·
2-AI
·
2-FA
·
2-FDCK
·
2-FMA
·
25B-NBOH
·
25B-NBOMe
·
25C-NBOH
·
25C-NBOMe
·
25I-NBOH
·
25I-NBOMe
·
25N-NBOMe
·
2C-B
·
2C-B-FLY
Other values:
2C-C
2C-D
2C-E
2C-I
2C-P
2C-T-2
2C-T-7
3,4-CTMP
3-FA
3-FMA
3-HO-PCE
3-HO-PCP
3-MMC
3-MeO-PCE
3-MeO-PCP
4-AcO-DET
4-AcO-DMT
4-AcO-DiPT
4-AcO-MET
4-AcO-MiPT
4-FA
4-FMA
4-HO-DET
4-HO-DPT
4-HO-DiPT
4-HO-EPT
4-HO-MET
4-HO-MiPT
4-MeO-PCP
4F-EPH
4F-MPH
5,6-MDO-DMT
5-APB
5-HTP
5-MAPB
5-MeO-DALT
5-MeO-DMT
5-MeO-DiPT
5-MeO-MiPT
5F-AKB48
5F-PB-22
6-APB
6-APDB
7-Hydroxymitragynine
AB-FUBINACA
AL-LAD
ALD-52
APICA
Acacia confusa
Acamprosate
Acetaminophen (paracetamol, APAP)
Acetylfentanyl
Acyclovir
Adalimumab
Adrafinil
Agomelatine
Albuterol
Alendronate
Alfentanil
Allopurinol
Allylescaline
Almotriptan
Alprazolam
Amanita muscaria
Amantadine
Amiodarone
Amitriptyline (hydrochloride)
Amlodipine
Amobarbital
Amoxapine
Amoxicillin
Anadenanthera colubrina
Anadenanthera peregrina
Anastrozole
Aniracetam
Apixaban
Apomorphine
Aripiprazole
Armodafinil
Artemisia absinthium
Ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
Asenapine
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid; ASA)
Atenolol
Atogepant
Atomoxetine
Atorvastatin
Atropa belladonna
Atropine
Avanafil
Ayahuasca
Azelastine
Azithromycin
Baclofen
Baeocystin
Banisteriopsis caapi
Benazepril
Benzocaine
Benzonatate
Benztropine
Benzydamine
Betamethasone (valerate, dipropionate, sodium phosphate, acetate)
Betel
Bimatoprost
Biperiden
Bisacodyl
Bisoprolol
Black Drink
Blue lotus
Brimonidine
Brivaracetam
Bromantane
Bromazepam
Bromazolam
Bromo-DragonFLY
Bromocriptine
Brompheniramine
Brugmansia
Budesonide
Bufo alvarius
Bufotenin
Bumetanide
Bupivacaine
Buprenorphine
Buprenorphine / Naloxone
Bupropion
Bupropion / Naltrexone
Buspirone
Butalbital
Butalbital / Acetaminophen / Caffeine
Butalbital / Aspirin / Caffeine
Butorphanol
Butylone
Cabergoline
Caffeine
Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3)
Calcium (carbonate, citrate, gluconate, chloride salts)
Calea zacatechichi
Cannabidiol
Cannabigerol
Cannabinol
Carbamazepine
Carbidopa/levodopa
Carfentanil
Carisoprodol
Carvedilol
Cathinone
Cefdinir
Cefuroxime (axetil oral, sodium IV)
Celecoxib
Cenobamate
Cephalexin
Cetirizine
Chlordiazepoxide
Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG)
Chloroform
Chlorpheniramine
Chlorpromazine
Chlorthalidone
Chlorzoxazone
Chocolate
Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3)
Ciclopirox
Ciprofloxacin
Citalopram
Clindamycin
Clobazam
Clobetasol propionate
Clomipramine
Clonazepam
Clonazolam
Clonidine
Clopidogrel
Clorazepate
Clotrimazole
Clozapine
Coca
Cocaine
Codeine / Acetaminophen
Coffee
Colchicine
Coluracetam
Curare
Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Cyclazodone
Cyclobenzaprine
Cyclosporine (ciclosporin)
Cyproheptadine (hydrochloride)
DET
DMT
DOB
DOC
DOI
DOM
DPT
Dapagliflozin
Datura
Delta-10-THC
Delta-8-THC
Deschloroetizolam
Deschloroketamine
Desflurane
Desipramine
Desomorphine
Desoxypipradrol
Desvenlafaxine (succinate)
Dexamethasone
Dexmedetomidine
Dexmethylphenidate
Dextroamphetamine
Dextromethorphan
Dextromethorphan / Quinidine
Dextropropoxyphene
Dextrorphan
DiPT
Diacetylmorphine
Diazepam
Diclazepam
Diclofenac (sodium, potassium, epolamine; multiple salt forms)
Dicyclomine
Diethyl ether
Dihydrocodeine
Dihydroergotamine
Diltiazem
Dimenhydrinate
Diphenhydramine (hydrochloride; citrate)
Diphenidine
Disulfiram
Docusate (sodium or calcium)
Donepezil
Dorzolamide
Doxazosin
Doxepin (hydrochloride)
Doxycycline
Doxylamine
Dronabinol
Droperidol
Dulaglutide
Duloxetine
Dutasteride
EPT
ETH-LAD
Eletriptan
Empagliflozin
Enalapril (and enalaprilat IV)
Entacapone
Ephedrine
Ephenidine
Ephylone
Epinephrine (adrenaline)
Ergocalciferol (vitamin D2)
Ergotamine
Erythromycin
Escaline
Escitalopram
Eslicarbazepine
Esmolol
Esomeprazole
Estazolam
Estradiol (17β-estradiol)
Eszopiclone
Ethcathinone
Ethchlorvynol
Ethosuximide
Ethylmorphine
Ethylone
Ethylphenidate
Eticyclidine
Etizolam
Etodolac
Etomidate
Evolocumab
Exenatide
Ezetimibe
F-Phenibut
Famotidine
Felbamate
Fenethylline
Fenfluramine
Fenofibrate
Fentanyl
Ferrous sulfate
Fexofenadine
Finasteride
Flecainide
Flibanserin
Flualprazolam
Flubromazepam
Flubromazolam
Fluconazole
Flunitrazepam
Flunitrazolam
Fluorouracil (5-FU)
Fluoxetine
Fluphenazine
Flurazepam
Fluticasone
Fluvoxamine (maleate)
Folic acid (folate, pteroylglutamic acid)
Fosphenytoin
Frovatriptan
Furosemide
GBL
GHB
Gabapentin
Gaboxadol
Galantamine
Glimepiride
Glipizide
Glutethimide
Guaifenesin
Guanfacine
Guarana
HHC
Haloperidol
Halothane
Harmaline
Harmine
Hawaiian Baby Woodrose
Hexedrone
Hydralazine
Hydrochlorothiazide
Hydrocodone
Hydrocortisone (cortisol)
Hydromorphone
Hydroquinone
Hydroxychloroquine
Hydroxyzine (hydrochloride; pamoate salt)
Hyoscyamine
Hyoscyamus niger
Iboga
Ibogaine
Ibotenic acid
Ibuprofen
Icosapent ethyl (eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester, EPA-EE)
Iloperidone
Imipramine
Indomethacin
Insulin aspart
Insulin degludec
Insulin detemir
Insulin glargine
Insulin lispro
Ipratropium bromide
Irbesartan
Isocarboxazid
Isoflurane
Isopropylphenidate
Isosorbide (dinitrate, mononitrate)
Ivermectin
JWH-018
JWH-073
Kava
Ketoconazole
Ketorolac (tromethamine)
Ketotifen
Khat
Kola
Kratom
L-Theanine
LSA
LSD
LSH
LSZ
Labetalol
Lacosamide
Lactated Ringer's solution
Lactulose
Lamotrigine
Lasmiditan
Latanoprost
Levetiracetam
Levocetirizine
Levodopa
Levofloxacin
Levomilnacipran
Levorphanol
Levothyroxine
Lidocaine (hydrochloride)
Linaclotide
Linagliptin
Liothyronine (T3, triiodothyronine sodium)
Liraglutide
Lisdexamfetamine (dimesylate)
Lisinopril
Lixisenatide
Lofexidine
Loperamide
Loratadine
Lorazepam
Lormetazepam
Losartan
Lovastatin
Loxapine
Lurasidone
MDA
MDAI
MDEA
MDMA
MDPV
MET
Magnesium (oxide, citrate, sulfate, hydroxide, gluconate, chloride salts)
Mandragora officinarum
Maprotiline
Meclizine
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine)
Meloxicam
Memantine
Memantine ER / Donepezil
Meperidine
Mephedrone
Meprobamate
Mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid, 5-ASA)
Mescal Bean
Metaxalone
Metformin
Methadone
Methallylescaline
Methamphetamine
Methaqualone
Methcathinone
Methimazole (thiamazole)
Methiopropamine
Methocarbamol
Methohexital
Methotrexate
Methoxetamine
Methylnaphthidate
Methylone
Methylphenidate
Methylprednisolone
Metizolam
Metoclopramide
Metoprolol
Metronidazole
Mexedrone
MiPLA
MiPT
Midazolam
Milnacipran
Mimosa hostilis
Mirabegron
Mirtazapine
Mitragynine
Mixed amphetamine salts
Moclobemide
Modafinil
Molindone
Mometasone furoate
Montelukast
Morning Glory
Morphine (sulfate)
Moxifloxacin
Mupirocin
Muscimol
Myristicin
N-Ethylhexedrone
N-Ethylpentedrone
NM-2-AI
Nabilone
Nabiximols
Nabumetone
Nadolol
Nalbuphine
Nalmefene
Naloxone
Naltrexone
Naproxen (sodium; free acid)
Naratriptan
Nebivolol
Nefazodone
Niacin (nicotinic acid, vitamin B3)
Nicotine
Nifedipine
Nifoxipam
Nitrazepam
Nitrofurantoin
Nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate, GTN)
Nitromethaqualone
Nitrous oxide
Noopept
Norethindrone (norethisterone outside US)
Nortriptyline (hydrochloride)
Nutmeg
Nystatin
O-Desmethyltramadol
O-PCE
Ofloxacin
Olanzapine
Olanzapine / Fluoxetine
Olmesartan (medoxomil)
Olopatadine
Omega-3-acid ethyl esters
Omeprazole
Ondansetron
Opicapone
Orphenadrine
Oseltamivir
Oxazepam
Oxcarbazepine
Oxiracetam
Oxybutynin
Oxycodone (hydrochloride)
Oxycodone / Acetaminophen
Oxycodone / Aspirin
Oxymorphone
PMA
PMMA
PRO-LAD
Paliperidone
Pantoprazole
Papaverine
Paracetamol
Paroxetine (HCl; mesylate as Pexeva)
Penicillin G (benzylpenicillin; potassium, sodium, benzathine, procaine salts)
Penicillin V (phenoxymethylpenicillin)
Pentazocine
Pentedrone
Pentobarbital
Perampanel
Perphenazine
Peyote
Phalaris arundinaceae
Phenazopyridine
Phencyclidine
Phenelzine
Phenethylamine
Phenibut
Phenobarbital
Phentermine
Phenylpiracetam
Phenytoin
Pimozide
Pioglitazone
Piracetam
Piroxicam
Polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG 3350)
Polyethylene glycol 3350 with electrolytes
Potassium chloride
Pramipexole
Pramiracetam
Pravastatin
Prazosin
Prednisolone (and prednisolone sodium phosphate, acetate, etc.)
Prednisone
Pregabalin
Primidone
Procaine
Prochlorperazine
Progesterone (micronized)
Prolintane
Promethazine (hydrochloride)
Propofol
Propranolol
Propylhexedrine
Proscaline
Protriptyline
Pseudoephedrine (hydrochloride; sulfate)
Psilocin
Psilocybin
Psilocybin mushrooms
Psychotria viridis
Pyrazolam
Quazepam
Quetiapine
RTI-111
Ramelteon
Ramipril
Rasagiline
Reboxetine
Remifentanil
Riboflavin (vitamin B2)
Rimegepant
Risperidone
Rivaroxaban
Rivastigmine
Rizatriptan (benzoate)
Ropinirole
Ropivacaine
Rosuvastatin
Rotigotine
Rufinamide
STS-135
Safinamide
Salvia divinorum
Salvinorin A
San Pedro cactus
Scopolamine
Secobarbital
Selegiline
Semaglutide
Semax
Sertraline
Sevoflurane
Sildenafil
Simvastatin
Sitagliptin
Sodium Oxybate
Sodium bicarbonate
Sodium chloride
Sodium fluoride
Solifenacin
Sotalol
Spironolactone
Stiripentol
Sucralfate
Sufentanil
Sumatriptan (succinate)
Sumatriptan / Naproxen
Syrian rue
THC
THCP
THJ-018
THJ-2201
TMA-2
Tadalafil
Tamsulosin
Tapentadol
Tasimelteon
Tea
Telmisartan
Temazepam
Terazosin
Terbinafine
Testosterone
Tetrahydrocannabivarin
Tetrahydroharmine
Theacrine
Thebaine
Theophylline
Thiopental
Thioridazine
Thiothixene
Thyroid (desiccated)
Tiagabine
Tianeptine
Ticagrelor
Timolol (maleate)
Tiotropium
Tirzepatide
Tizanidine
Tobramycin
Tolcapone
Topiramate
Torsemide
Tramadol
Tramadol / Acetaminophen
Tranylcypromine
Trazodone
Tretinoin (all-trans retinoic acid, ATRA)
Triamcinolone (acetonide and other esters)
Triazolam
Trifluoperazine
Trihexyphenidyl
Trimipramine
U-47700
Ubrogepant
Valacyclovir
Valproate (valproic acid, divalproex sodium, sodium valproate)
Valproic acid
Valsartan
Vardenafil
Varenicline
Venlafaxine
Verapamil
Vigabatrin
Vitamin E (α-tocopherol; mixed natural and synthetic forms)
Warfarin
Xenon
Yerba mate
Yopo
Zaleplon
Ziprasidone
Zolmitriptan
Zolpidem (tartrate)
Zonisamide
Zopiclone
aMT
alpha-PHP
alpha-PVP
ketamine
lithium
mCPP
mescaline
opium
Search
brand:
''Catha edulis''. Chat, qat, the Flower of Paradise (1)
classes:
Cathinone source (1)
·
Excitantia (1)
·
Plant Medicine (1)
mechanism:
Primary alkaloid is (S)-(-)-cathinone, a phenylpropanolamine close kin to amphetamine. Releases dopamine and norepinephrine. Also contains cathine (=norpseudoephedrine) and norephedrine. (1)
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000008-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000009-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
A ''marduuf'' bundle (~50 g fresh leaves) chewed over a couple of hours (1)
preparations:
Fresh leaves and tender twigs chewed; degrades on drying (1)
fda max:
None
(1)
routes:
Oral (buccal absorption) (1)
onset:
15–30 min (1)
duration:
2–4 h (1)
halflife:
None
(1)
bioavailability:
(Click arrow to add another value)
None
·
100% (IV)
·
~100% from subcutaneous depot
·
~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"'
·
70–90% (oral)
·
~100% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"'
·
~50% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"'
·
~95%
·
'''Saturable''' via the LAT-1 amino-acid transporter, producing nonlinear pharmacokinetics: ~60% at 300 mg single dose, falling to ~35% at 1200 mg single dose'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002A-QINU`"'
·
10-20% (oral; reduced by food, calcium, antacids, PPIs, tea/coffee; enhanced by ascorbate)
·
100% (IV); essentially complete (oral)
·
100% (IV); rapidly neutralized by gastric acid (oral)
·
16-21% capsule, 25% suspension (oral; iron and antacids reduce absorption substantially)'"`UNIQ--ref-000009E5-QINU`"'
·
25 mg: ~29%; 50 mg: ~35%; food reduces absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C4F-QINU`"'
·
30-40% (oral; increases with repeated dosing as gastric pH rises)'"`UNIQ--ref-000000DF-QINU`"'
·
40-45% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000025C-QINU`"'
·
40-80% (oral); reduced by food, calcium, iron, PPIs, fiber; take fasting with water'"`UNIQ--ref-00000037-QINU`"'
·
42-58% (oral; dose-dependent)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AEF-QINU`"'
·
50-60% (oral; decreased with food, but food given anyway for GI tolerance)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000019-QINU`"'
·
60-70% PO at low doses; saturable at high doses (parenteral routes preferred above 15-25 mg/week)'"`UNIQ--ref-000007C9-QINU`"'
Other values:
60-80% (oral)
60-80% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000843-QINU`"'
64-90% (oral; not affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000079-QINU`"'
65-75% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000013F-QINU`"'
70-75% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-000007ED-QINU`"'
70-80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-000002A4-QINU`"'
75-90% (oral; minimally affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-000001A2-QINU`"'
80-90% oral
90% (oral; food delays but does not reduce absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-000004F3-QINU`"'
<0.1% systemic absorption (PEG 3350 is too large to absorb intact)
<1% (oral; further reduced by food, calcium, iron, antacids; hence the strict fasting/upright dosing rules)'"`UNIQ--ref-000006C4-QINU`"'
<1% oral (extensive first-pass via CYP3A4); ~30% inhaled lung deposition'"`UNIQ--ref-000001DE-QINU`"'
<3% systemic absorption (the basis of the safety and mechanism)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F5E-QINU`"'
<5% (extensive hepatic first-pass; food enhances absorption of IR, hence the evening-meal dosing)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000808-QINU`"'
<5% (extensive hepatic first-pass; statin pharmacology is hepatocellular, not systemic)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000017B-QINU`"'
<5% systemic absorption (this is the safety basis)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000DC3-QINU`"'
>90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"'
>90% (oral; food slows absorption and reduces peaks, hence the post-meal dosing rule)'"`UNIQ--ref-000001BD-QINU`"'
>90% (oral; not affected by food or gastric pH — a major practical advantage over itraconazole)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A48-QINU`"'
>90% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001120-QINU`"'
Absolute bioavailability not precisely characterized; food modestly increases exposure
Acid-labile; not effective orally (oral form available outside US as penicillin G salts but penicillin V is preferred for oral use)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000141A-QINU`"'
Adequate (food-dependent, must take with fatty meal)
Adequate oral bioavailability
Adequate oral bioavailability with extended-release formulation
Buprenorphine ~30% SL; naloxone <10% SL (intentional, inactive sublingually, matters only if injected)
Butalbital well-absorbed; aspirin 50-75%; caffeine ~100%'"`UNIQ--ref-000015B8-QINU`"'
Butalbital well-absorbed; caffeine ~100%; acetaminophen 85-98%'"`UNIQ--ref-000015A0-QINU`"'
Carbonate ~30-40% (best with food and acid); citrate ~24% (absorbable without acid; preferred in achlorhydria, PPI use, post-bariatric)
Codeine ~60% (oral); acetaminophen 85-98%'"`UNIQ--ref-00001518-QINU`"'
Essentially zero systemic absorption from oral or topical routes — the topical-action-only profile is the basis of its safety'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D18-QINU`"'
High (oral)
High (oral); not significantly affected by food'"`UNIQ--ref-00000397-QINU`"'
High (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000FB5-QINU`"'
High (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001051-QINU`"'
High (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001165-QINU`"'
High (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-000012A0-QINU`"'
High (oral; absorption not affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000825-QINU`"'
High (oral; food enhances)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001039-QINU`"'
High (oral; food prolongs absorption modestly)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000622-QINU`"'
High (oral; not affected by food, but typically given with the morning meal)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000027D-QINU`"'
High (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B65-QINU`"'
High with fat-containing meal; reduced in malabsorption
Highly formulation-dependent; the goal is colonic delivery with minimal systemic exposure'"`UNIQ--ref-00000BBF-QINU`"'
Highly route-dependent: SL bypasses first-pass; oral has extensive first-pass (used only for chronic ER preparations); transdermal predictable'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C10-QINU`"'
Highly salt-dependent: citrate ~25-30%; oxide ~4% (limited and causes osmotic diarrhea); chloride ~12%
Highly variable due to saturable first-pass metabolism'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002C-QINU`"'
IM/SC ~100%; oral negligible (extensive first-pass and gut metabolism — hence the no-oral route)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000E53-QINU`"'
IV/IM ~100%; inhaled: minimal systemic; oral: negligible (not used orally for systemic infection)'"`UNIQ--ref-000010B4-QINU`"'
Improved with food'"`UNIQ--ref-00000052-QINU`"'
Increased substantially via CYP2D6 inhibition'"`UNIQ--ref-00001584-QINU`"'
Increased with food (varies by formulation; the micronized and nanocrystal forms are less food-dependent)'"`UNIQ--ref-000004AE-QINU`"'
Inhaled lung deposition with minimal systemic absorption (the basis of the favorable safety profile vs systemic antimuscarinics)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F7C-QINU`"'
Inhaled lung deposition ~20%; systemic absorption from lung ~33%; oral component negligible'"`UNIQ--ref-000009C1-QINU`"'
Intranasal ~40% systemic; ophthalmic minimal'"`UNIQ--ref-000013B7-QINU`"'
Intranasal: <1% systemic; inhaled lung deposition with extensive first-pass clearance'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F9D-QINU`"'
Limited but adequate; take with food
Local (intramuscular)
Local action; minimal systemic effect
Low systemic absorption (enteric coating delivers drug to colon)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000106C-QINU`"'
Mononitrate ~100% (no first-pass; the principal advantage over dinitrate); dinitrate ~20%'"`UNIQ--ref-00001462-QINU`"'
Naltrexone ~5% (oral, extensive first-pass to 6β-naltrexol); bupropion ER ~87%'"`UNIQ--ref-00001569-QINU`"'
Negligible (not absorbed)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000058-QINU`"'
Negligible systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-0000119D-QINU`"'
Not characterized; oral dosing once daily
Not formally characterized for the combination
Not formally characterized in humans.
Not formally established
Not formally established (high SC)
Not formally established; oral once-daily adequate
Not well characterized
Not well characterized'"`UNIQ--ref-00000019-QINU`"'
Olanzapine 60% (oral); fluoxetine high (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000154E-QINU`"'
Oral bioavailability of psilocin from administered psilocybin approximately 50%
Oral bioavailability suitable for daily dosing
Oral non-undecanoate has essentially zero bioavailability (hepatic first-pass)
Oral ~1-3% via passive diffusion at high doses (independent of intrinsic factor); IM/SC ~100%
Oral ~5% (extensive first-pass to estrone and conjugates); transdermal bypasses first-pass, giving more physiologic estradiol:estrone ratio'"`UNIQ--ref-000003BB-QINU`"'
Oral ~70%; depot IM provides sustained release over weeks'"`UNIQ--ref-0000101B-QINU`"'
Oral ~90%; depot IM essentially 100% over the dosing interval'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F21-QINU`"'
Oral: very low (extensive first-pass); micronization improves uptake somewhat. Vaginal: high local effect with lower systemic levels (first-uterine-pass concentration)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000727-QINU`"'
Oxycodone 60-87%; aspirin 50-75%'"`UNIQ--ref-000014FB-QINU`"'
Rapid absorption; absolute bioavailability not formally established
Reasonable (not formally established as a percentage)
SC ~47%–65%'"`UNIQ--ref-0000005A-QINU`"'
SC ~55%'"`UNIQ--ref-0000018B-QINU`"'
SC ~65%–75%<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup>
SC ~80%<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup>
SC ~89%<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> · Oral ~0.4–1% (SNAC-enhanced)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000254-QINU`"'
Sandimmune: highly variable (~30%); Neoral microemulsion: ~50%, less variable; '''Sandimmune and Neoral are NOT bioequivalent and not interchangeable''''"`UNIQ--ref-00000A92-QINU`"'
Substantially improved with high-fat meal; take with food'"`UNIQ--ref-000013D2-QINU`"'
Sumatriptan ~15% (oral; substantial first-pass); naproxen ~95%'"`UNIQ--ref-000015D2-QINU`"'
Tablet ~100% relative to oral solution; extensive first-pass metabolism
Topical with limited but measurable systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00001219-QINU`"'
Topical with measurable systemic absorption (small CA inhibition observed clinically with chronic use)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B0B-QINU`"'
Topical with minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-000011DA-QINU`"'
Topical with minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-0000123A-QINU`"'
Topical with minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00001288-QINU`"'
Topical with variable systemic absorption depending on body site, occlusion, and skin integrity; HPA-axis suppression is documented even with brief courses to large areas'"`UNIQ--ref-0000079F-QINU`"'
Topical/intranasal: high local, low systemic; intra-articular: local depot then systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000667-QINU`"'
Topical/oral local action with minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00001399-QINU`"'
Topical: local effect on enamel; systemic supplementation has high oral bioavailability with skeletal accumulation
Topical: minimal systemic absorption (oral systemic 5-FU not used due to poor and variable absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-000011BF-QINU`"'
Topical: minimal systemic absorption with normal skin; oral: variable, induced metabolism with repeated dosing'"`UNIQ--ref-00000BA4-QINU`"'
Topical: minimal systemic; oral: pH-dependent, requires gastric acid'"`UNIQ--ref-00000889-QINU`"'
Topical: minimal systemic; troche: ~3% systemic'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F46-QINU`"'
Topical; clinically meaningful systemic absorption can produce systemic α2 effects (somnolence, hypotension), especially in children'"`UNIQ--ref-000010D2-QINU`"'
Topical; minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000418-QINU`"'
Topical; minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A03-QINU`"'
Topical; minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000DA2-QINU`"'
Tramadol ~75% (oral); acetaminophen 85-98%'"`UNIQ--ref-00001531-QINU`"'
Variable (oral; rapidly conjugated to active glucuronide; food does not affect)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000451-QINU`"'
Variable; reduced by food, calcium, iron, PPIs'"`UNIQ--ref-00000037-QINU`"'
~0.3% (oral; extensive first-pass via CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux at the intestinal and blood-brain barriers limit systemic and CNS exposure at therapeutic doses)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000FD3-QINU`"'
~10% inhaled reaches systemic circulation; ~50% PO'"`UNIQ--ref-0000009A-QINU`"'
~100% (oral); highly (~90%) protein-bound, with non-linear binding above therapeutic levels (free fraction matters clinically in hypoalbuminemia)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000097D-QINU`"'
~100% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001B-QINU`"'
~100% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000020-QINU`"'
~100% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"'
~100% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000706-QINU`"'
~100% (oral, but oral use is limited to continuation from parenteral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"'
~100% (oral; absorption complete)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000126F-QINU`"'
~100% (oral; food delays absorption, hence pre-meal dosing for IR)'"`UNIQ--ref-000002DA-QINU`"'
~100% (oral; near-complete absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"'
~100% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000493-QINU`"'
~100% both components
~100% from subcutaneous depot (by definition of the route)
~12% (extensive metabolizers); ~96% (poor metabolizers)
~14% (extensive hepatic first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"'
~14% (oral; substantial first-pass); ~97% (subcutaneous); ~17% (nasal)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000016-QINU`"'
~15% (extensive hepatic first-pass)
~15% (oral; highly variable due to extensive and variable first-pass metabolism)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"'
~17% (oral; food slightly reduces absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-000003D6-QINU`"'
~20% (oral; hydrophilic, minimal CYP metabolism, mostly excreted unchanged in bile)'"`UNIQ--ref-000000FD-QINU`"'
~20% (oral; valacyclovir prodrug raises this to ~55%)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000910-QINU`"'
~20-35% (oral; extensive first-pass via CYP3A4 with R/S enantiomer differences)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A6C-QINU`"'
~22–25%
~25% (extensive hepatic first-pass)
~25% (high first-pass)
~25% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000019-QINU`"'
~25% (oral, with extensive first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000023-QINU`"'
~25% (oral; extensive first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001B-QINU`"'
~25% (oral; food does not affect absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000005A-QINU`"'
~25% (oral; food reduces absorption ~40%)'"`UNIQ--ref-000004CE-QINU`"'
~25-35% (extensive first-pass), increased by food which slows absorption and reduces orthostatic risk'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"'
~25-40% (oral; extensive first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"'
~25-50% (oral; substantial first-pass via NAT2 acetylation, phenotype-dependent)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000688-QINU`"'
~26% (oral; prodrug hydrolyzed by intestinal esterases to active olmesartan; not affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000056D-QINU`"'
~28% (oral; food slows but does not reduce absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C33-QINU`"'
~30% (high first-pass)
~30% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"'
~30% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000117D-QINU`"'
~30-65% (oral; acid-labile, hence enteric-coated formulations; food affects absorption variably)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D3F-QINU`"'
~33%
~33% (extensive first-pass via CYP2C9 and CYP3A4)'"`UNIQ--ref-000000BD-QINU`"'
~33% (oral; fruit juices including grapefruit, orange, and apple reduce absorption substantially via OATP1A2 inhibition — distinctive interaction not seen with most other H1s)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CCD-QINU`"'
~33-55% (IR); reduced by food'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001B-QINU`"'
~35% (oral, extensive first-pass; not used orally for systemic effect); ~100% (IV)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"'
~36% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C93-QINU`"'
~37% (oral, as axetil prodrug; food modestly improves absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000FFA-QINU`"'
~37% (oral; food does not affect)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A23-QINU`"'
~37% (oral; food reduces absorption modestly)'"`UNIQ--ref-000003FD-QINU`"'
~38% (oral; non-acidic prodrug improves GI tolerability over many other NSAIDs)'"`UNIQ--ref-000011FA-QINU`"'
~4% (extensive first-pass metabolism)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"'
~40%
~40% (oral); food and formulation substantially alter the absorption profile'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"'
~40% (oral; extensive first-pass via CYP3A4)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000643-QINU`"'
~40% (oral; food does not significantly affect)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000EB3-QINU`"'
~40-60% (oral, with significant first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"'
~44%
~45% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C73-QINU`"'
~45% (oral; substantially higher than sumatriptan's ~14%)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000013-QINU`"'
~45%'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"'
~48% intranasal
~5% intranasal
~5-20% (extensive first-pass), highly variable between individuals'"`UNIQ--ref-00000024-QINU`"'
~50%
~50% (highly variable)
~50% (oral); systemic absorption from ophthalmic application is clinically meaningful via nasolacrimal drainage'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"'
~50% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"'
~50% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-000002C5-QINU`"'
~50% (oral; highly variable)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CB4-QINU`"'
~50% (oral; highly variable, 10-100%, hence the standard 1:2 IV-to-PO conversion)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000223-QINU`"'
~50% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-000001FC-QINU`"'
~50% (oral; reduced by buffering and enteric coating but onset clinically similar)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"'
~50% (oral; substantial first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000024-QINU`"'
~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect).
~50% IR (extensive first-pass via CYP3A4); ER products release-rate-limited'"`UNIQ--ref-0000074E-QINU`"'
~50-60% (oral; food enhances)
~50-60% (oral; substantial first-pass metabolism)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002A-QINU`"'
~53% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000024-QINU`"'
~55% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000016-QINU`"'
~55% bioavailability of acyclovir after valacyclovir oral (vs ~20% from oral acyclovir directly)'"`UNIQ--ref-000005D7-QINU`"'
~58% (extended-release); ~80% (immediate-release)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"'
~6% IR oral (substantial first-pass to active N-desethyl metabolite, which contributes most of the antimuscarinic adverse effects); transdermal bypasses first-pass and is better tolerated'"`UNIQ--ref-000006E2-QINU`"'
~6-13% inhaled lung deposition; ~10% oral (Entocort EC; extensive first-pass via CYP3A4 — this is the basis of the favorable hepatic-targeted local-effect profile in IBD)'"`UNIQ--ref-000009A6-QINU`"'
~60%
~60% (oral); ~100% (IM)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"'
~60% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000379-QINU`"'
~60% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D5A-QINU`"'
~60% (oral; food does not affect absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B85-QINU`"'
~60% (oral; phenoxymethyl modification makes it acid-stable, unlike penicillin G which is destroyed by gastric acid)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000E77-QINU`"'
~60% (oral; substantially increased with high-fat meal)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001093-QINU`"'
~60% from subcutaneous depot (reduced by reversible albumin binding via the myristic acid side chain that also extends duration)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001375-QINU`"'
~60-87% (oral; high and more consistent than codeine or hydrocodone, making efficacy less CYP2D6-genotype-dependent)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"'
~60-87% oxycodone (high and predictable, less CYP-genotype-dependent than codeine or hydrocodone); 85-98% acetaminophen'"`UNIQ--ref-000014E3-QINU`"'
~60–70% (oral)
~62%
~63% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000532-QINU`"'
~63% (oral; extensive first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000015-QINU`"'
~64% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000016-QINU`"'
~64% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000015F-QINU`"'
~64% from SC depot'"`UNIQ--ref-00001104-QINU`"'
~64-90% (oral; increases at higher doses and with multi-day dosing)'"`UNIQ--ref-000008E9-QINU`"'
~65% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"'
~65% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000784-QINU`"'
~65% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AB1-QINU`"'
~65% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-000013F6-QINU`"'
~67% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B26-QINU`"'
~70% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001B-QINU`"'
~70% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"'
~70% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-000008C5-QINU`"'
~70% (oral; bioavailability and absorption are improved with food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000355-QINU`"'
~70% (oral; reduced by divalent cations — antacids, iron, calcium, dairy)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000939-QINU`"'
~70-85% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"'
~70-90% at typical doses; saturable at high doses (>500 mg)
~72% (with food); much lower fasting (~36%)
~72% from SC depot'"`UNIQ--ref-00001480-QINU`"'
~72% oral; ~85% smoked'"`UNIQ--ref-00000066-QINU`"'
~75%
~75% (IR, rises with multi-dose administration due to saturable first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"'
~75% (oral, as the active carboxylate after hepatic esterase activation)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000E95-QINU`"'
~75% (oral; absorption improved with fat-containing meal)
~75% (oral; fat-soluble, absorption requires intact biliary/lipid digestion)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000331-QINU`"'
~75-85% (oral); ~60% (transdermal at steady state)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"'
~75–90% (oral)
~77% (oral; not affected by food or antacids)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000011E-QINU`"'
~78% (oral; high-fat meal modestly reduces but is not clinically significant)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000553-QINU`"'
~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001B-QINU`"'
~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"'
~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000029-QINU`"'
~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000310-QINU`"'
~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000BEC-QINU`"'
~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000E2C-QINU`"'
~80% (oral; predictable absorption — a substantive practical advantage over furosemide whose oral absorption is 10-100% variable)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B47-QINU`"'
~80% (oral; reduced by significant first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000EFA-QINU`"'
~80-100% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"'
~80-100% with food at 15-20 mg doses (10 mg dose: ~80% without food); '''must be taken with food''' at therapeutic doses'"`UNIQ--ref-00000514-QINU`"'
~80-95% (oral; more reliable than furosemide, comparable to torsemide)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000DE4-QINU`"'
~80-99% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000868-QINU`"'
~82%
~82% SC
~85-90% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000955-QINU`"'
~85-98% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-000006A6-QINU`"'
~87% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000024-QINU`"'
~87% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000766-QINU`"'
~89% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"'
~90% (low first-pass)
~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"'
~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000024-QINU`"'
~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"'
~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000DFF-QINU`"'
~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001140-QINU`"'
~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001443-QINU`"'
~90% (oral, low first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"'
~90% (oral; food increases absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-000008A4-QINU`"'
~90% (oral; not affected by food but reduced by divalent cations)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D83-QINU`"'
~93% (oral); ~90% (rectal)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"'
~93% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000ED4-QINU`"'
~95% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001F-QINU`"'
~95% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002A-QINU`"'
~95% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000149E-QINU`"'
~95% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-000014C4-QINU`"'
~95% (oral; reduced by dairy, antacids, iron via divalent-cation chelation, though less than for tetracycline itself)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000047E-QINU`"'
~96% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AD2-QINU`"'
~96% after red blood cell hydrolytic cleavage releases dextroamphetamine'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"'
~98% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"'
~99% (caffeine)
~99% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002A-QINU`"'
~99% (oral; matched 1:1 IV-to-PO conversion)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CF6-QINU`"'
≥90% (linear pharmacokinetics, distinguishing it favorably from gabapentin's saturable LAT-1 absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"'
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pregnancy:
None
(1)
legal:
Schedule I in US since 1993 (despite traditional use elsewhere); legal in Ethiopia, Kenya, Yemen, Somalia, Djibouti (1)
Error in "where" parameter: the string "--" cannot be used within #cargo_query.
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Drilldown: Medicines
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