Drilldown: Medicines

Brugmansia (1) · Bufo alvarius (1) · Mescal Bean (1) · Nutmeg (1) · Phalaris arundinaceae (1)

''Brugmansia'' spp., Angel's trumpet, ''borrachero'', ''toé'' (1) · ''Myristica fragrans''. Mace (the fruit aril) (1) · ''Sophora secundiflora''. Texas mountain laurel, frijolillo (1) · Reed canary grass (1) · Sonoran Desert Toad, Colorado River Toad (1)

Animal Medicine (1) · Daimonica (1) · Empathogenica (1) · Phantastica (3) · Plant Med (1) · Plant Medicine (3) · Tropane alkaloid plant (1)

5-MeO-DMT is a potent 5-HT1A agonist (greater than 5-HT2A). Distinct from N,N-DMT in producing a more unitive, less visual, often ego-dissolving experience. (1) · Active alkaloid is cytisine, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist. NOT a classical 5-HT2A psychedelic. (1) · Active oils are myristicin, elemicin, and safrole, phenethylamine precursors that may be aminated in vivo to MMDA, TMA, and MDA respectively (Shulgin's 'essential amphetamines' hypothesis). (1) · Contains varying amounts of DMT, 5-MeO-DMT, bufotenine, and gramine depending on strain and growing conditions. (1) · Tropane alkaloids: scopolamine (dominant), hyoscyamine, atropine. Competitive antagonism at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. (1)

None · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"' · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000008-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000009-QINU`"' · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"' · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000018-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"' · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"' · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000006-QINU`"' · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000018-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"' · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"' · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000026-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000027-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000028-QINU`"' · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000013-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000014-QINU`"' · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000015-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000016-QINU`"' · Preventive treatment of migraine in adults (episodic and chronic) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000015-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000016-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"' · (investigational) '"`UNIQ--vote-000000EF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000F0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000F1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000F2-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000F3-QINU`"' · Acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults · ADHD in children (6+), adolescents, and adults (FDA-approved 2021 for pediatric, 2022 for adult) · ADHD, narcolepsy · Alzheimer disease (FDA accelerated approval June 2021; '''withdrawn from market January 2024''' by manufacturer Biogen). At time of approval indicated for MCI or mild dementia stage of AD. · Alzheimer disease (MCI or mild dementia stage), FDA-approved July 2024

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None (4) · 0.5–1 oz (10–30 g) ground for psychoactive effect; far smaller for culinary use (1)

Acid/base extraction of fresh young grass for tryptamines; combined with an MAOI (1) · Bright red seeds, traditionally ingested or smoked. Highly toxic, narrow margin between active and lethal (1) · Flowers or leaves infused or smoked. Highly variable potency; narrow toxic margin (1) · Ground dried seed (nutmeg) or fruit aril (mace); occasionally infused (1) · Parotid-gland venom expressed onto a glass plate, dried into a shellac-like resin, vaporized and inhaled (1)

None (5)

inhalation (1) · Inhalation (vaporized) (1) · Oral (3) · Oral (with MAOI) (1)

None (3) · Seconds (1) · Slow, 2–6 h (1)

None (3) · 12–24 h or longer (1) · ~15 min (1)

None (5)

None · 100% (IV) · ~100% from subcutaneous depot · ~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' · 70–90% (oral) · ~100% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"' · ~50% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"' · ~95% · '''Saturable''' via the LAT-1 amino-acid transporter, producing nonlinear pharmacokinetics: ~60% at 300 mg single dose, falling to ~35% at 1200 mg single dose'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002A-QINU`"' · 10-20% (oral; reduced by food, calcium, antacids, PPIs, tea/coffee; enhanced by ascorbate) · 100% (IV); essentially complete (oral) · 100% (IV); rapidly neutralized by gastric acid (oral) · 16-21% capsule, 25% suspension (oral; iron and antacids reduce absorption substantially)'"`UNIQ--ref-000009E5-QINU`"' · 25 mg: ~29%; 50 mg: ~35%; food reduces absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C4F-QINU`"' · 30-40% (oral; increases with repeated dosing as gastric pH rises)'"`UNIQ--ref-000000DF-QINU`"' · 40-45% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000025C-QINU`"' · 40-80% (oral); reduced by food, calcium, iron, PPIs, fiber; take fasting with water'"`UNIQ--ref-00000037-QINU`"' · 42-58% (oral; dose-dependent)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AEF-QINU`"' · 50-60% (oral; decreased with food, but food given anyway for GI tolerance)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000019-QINU`"' · 60-70% PO at low doses; saturable at high doses (parenteral routes preferred above 15-25 mg/week)'"`UNIQ--ref-000007C9-QINU`"'

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None (5)

None (4) · 5-MeO-DMT is Schedule I in US (since 2011); the toad itself is protected in several southwestern states (1)