Drilldown: Medicines
Medicines > classes 
:
[[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] or
[[:Category:Vitamins|Vitamin]]
& routes:
IV
:
[[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] or
[[:Category:Vitamins|Vitamin]]
& routes:
IV Use the filters below to narrow your results.
generic:
brand:
Apresoline (historical); mostly generic; combination with isosorbide dinitrate marketed as BiDil for self-identified Black patients with HFrEF (1) ·
Calan, Calan SR, Verelan, Verelan PM, Isoptin SR (1) ·
Cardizem, Tiazac, Cartia XT, Dilacor XR, Taztia XT, Matzim LA (1) ·
Folvite; mostly generic (1) ·
Generic; huge OTC presence (1) ·
Many OTC and Rx; Nascobal (intranasal); generic injection (1) ·
Vasotec, Vasotec IV, Epaned (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-000005B3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000005B4-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000005B5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000005B6-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000607-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000608-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000609-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000060A-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000063E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000063F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000640-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000641-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000683-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000684-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000685-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000686-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000A66-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A67-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A68-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A69-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A6A-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000B81-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000B82-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000B83-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000012E5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012E6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012E7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012E8-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
0.4 mg PO daily (general prevention); 0.8-1 mg/d in pregnancy; 4 mg/d for women with prior NTD-affected pregnancy; 1 mg/d during methotrexate therapy (1) ·
5-10 mg PO once daily (2.5 mg if on diuretic or in heart failure); titrate to 10-20 mg BID for HFrEF (1) ·
ER 180-240 mg PO once daily; IR 30 mg PO QID; IV 0.25 mg/kg over 2 min for acute rate control, then 5-15 mg/h infusion (1) ·
General supplementation 75-90 mg/d (RDA); scurvy treatment 100-1000 mg/d for several weeks; megadose claims unsupported (1) ·
IR 80-120 mg PO TID; ER 180-240 mg PO daily; IV 2.5-5 mg over 2 min for SVT termination (under monitoring); cluster prophylaxis up to 480-960 mg/d in divided doses (1) ·
PO 10 mg QID; IV 5-10 mg every 20-30 minutes for hypertensive emergency (1) ·
Replacement: 1000 mcg IM daily for 1 week, then weekly for 4 weeks, then monthly; or 1000-2000 mcg PO daily (effective even in pernicious anemia via passive diffusion); intranasal 500 mcg weekly (1)
preparations:
0.4, 0.8, 1 mg OTC; 1 mg Rx; 5 mg/mL injection (1) ·
10, 25, 50, 100 mg tablets; 20 mg/mL IV (1) ·
100, 250, 500, 1000 mg tablets, chewables, gummies, effervescent; IV (specialty) (1) ·
100, 250, 500, 1000, 5000 mcg tablets (OTC and Rx); 1000 mcg/mL injection; intranasal spray; sublingual (1) ·
2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tablets; 1 mg/mL oral solution (Epaned); 1.25 mg/mL IV (enalaprilat) (1) ·
IR 30, 60, 90, 120 mg tablets; multiple ER capsules and tablets 60-420 mg; IV 5 mg/mL (1) ·
IR 40, 80, 120 mg tablets; SR/ER 100-360 mg; IV 2.5 mg/mL (1)
fda max:
1 mg/d typical Rx; higher in specific indications (1) ·
300 mg/d typical practical limit (toxicity rises sharply above) (1) ·
40 mg/d (1) ·
No strict ceiling; water-soluble vitamin, low toxicity (1) ·
UL 2000 mg/d in adults (1) ·
~480 mg/d (oral) for cardiovascular indications; higher off-label for cluster (1) ·
~480 mg/d (oral); IV per protocol (1)
routes: (Click arrow to add another value)
onset:
BP effect 1 hour; max at 4-6 hours (1) ·
Days for symptom improvement in scurvy (1) ·
Hematologic response within days (1) ·
IV: 1-3 minutes (SVT termination); PO IR: 30-60 minutes; ER: hours (1) ·
IV: 3-7 minutes (rate control); PO IR: 30-60 minutes; ER: hours (1) ·
IV: 5-20 minutes; PO: 30-60 minutes (1) ·
Reticulocyte response at 3-5 days; neurologic recovery weeks to months (and may be incomplete if longstanding) (1)
duration:
halflife:
3-4.5 hours (IR); 5-7 hours (ER; effective duration 24 hours via formulation)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000642-QINU`"' (1) ·
3-7 hours (IR); functional 24 hours (ER)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A6B-QINU`"' (1) ·
3-7 hours (slow acetylators) vs 1-3 hours (rapid acetylators) via NAT2 polymorphism'"`UNIQ--ref-00000687-QINU`"' (1) ·
~0.5 hours plasma; tissue retention longer (1) ·
~10-20 days (steady-state body pool); single dose plasma ~2 hours (1) ·
~11 hours (enalaprilat, the active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B84-QINU`"' (1) ·
~6 days (plasma); hepatic stores last 3-5 years (1)
bioavailability:
High (oral) (1) ·
Oral ~1-3% via passive diffusion at high doses (independent of intrinsic factor); IM/SC ~100% (1) ·
~20-35% (oral; extensive first-pass via CYP3A4 with R/S enantiomer differences)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A6C-QINU`"' (1) ·
~25-50% (oral; substantial first-pass via NAT2 acetylation, phenotype-dependent)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000688-QINU`"' (1) ·
~40% (oral; extensive first-pass via CYP3A4)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000643-QINU`"' (1) ·
~60% (oral; food does not affect absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B85-QINU`"' (1) ·
~70-90% at typical doses; saturable at high doses (>500 mg) (1)
pregnancy:
'''Contraindicated in pregnancy''' (all trimesters); fetal renal injury, oligohydramnios, skull hypoplasia, hypotension. Stop on detection'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B86-QINU`"' (1) ·
Limited data; alternative antihypertensives generally preferred. Crosses placenta.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited data; labetalol/nifedipine generally preferred. Crosses placenta.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
One of the historically preferred IV agents for severe hypertension in pregnancy alongside labetalol and nifedipine.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Routinely supplemented in pregnancy and preconception to prevent neural tube defects.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Routinely supplemented in vegan pregnancies and pernicious anemia.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Safe at routine doses; routinely supplemented in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1)
Showing below up to 7 results in range #1 to #7.