Drilldown: Medicines
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generic:
Betel (1) ·
Black Drink (1) ·
Brivaracetam (1) ·
Cannabidiol (1) ·
Cenobamate (1) ·
Chocolate (1) ·
Clobazam (1) ·
Coca (1) ·
Eslicarbazepine (1) ·
Ethosuximide (1) ·
Felbamate (1) ·
Fenfluramine (1) ·
Fosphenytoin (1) ·
Guarana (1) ·
Kola (1) ·
Lacosamide (1) ·
Perampanel (1) ·
Phenobarbital (1) ·
Phenytoin (1) ·
Rufinamide (1) ·
Stiripentol (1) ·
Tiagabine (1) ·
Valproic acid (1) ·
Vigabatrin (1) ·
Yerba mate (1) ·
Zonisamide (1)
brand:
''Areca catechu'' (the nut); ''Piper betle'' (the leaf) (1) ·
''Cola nitida'', ''Cola acuminata'' (1) ·
''Erythroxylum coca'', ''E. novogranatense'' (1) ·
''Ilex paraguariensis'' (1) ·
''Ilex vomitoria'' (1) ·
''Paullinia cupana'' (1) ·
''Theobroma cacao'' (1) ·
Aptiom (1) ·
Banzel (1) ·
Briviact (1) ·
Cerebyx (1) ·
Depakote (1) ·
Diacomit (1) ·
Dilantin (1) ·
Epidiolex (1) ·
Felbatol (1) ·
Fintepla (1) ·
Fycompa (1) ·
Gabitril (1) ·
Luminal (1) ·
Onfi (1) ·
Sabril (1) ·
Vimpat (1) ·
Xcopri (1) ·
Zarontin (1) ·
Zonegran (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
AMPA receptor antagonist (1) ·
Caffeine (1.5–2%) + theobromine + kolanin (a glycoside). (1) ·
Caffeine (highest of the ''Ilex'' genus) plus saponins that produce ritual vomiting at high doses. (1) ·
Caffeine (sometimes called 'mateine' historically, though chemically identical), theobromine, theophylline, plus polyphenols. (1) ·
GABA enhancer; sodium channel blocker; histone deacetylase inhibitor (1) ·
GABA reuptake inhibitor (GAT-1 blocker) (1) ·
GABAA positive allosteric modulator (1) ·
GABAA positive allosteric modulator; lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor (1) ·
GABAA potentiator and direct activator (1) ·
Highest natural caffeine content of any plant (2–7% by dry weight, ~2–4× coffee). Caffeine is bound to tannins, producing a slower release than pure coffee caffeine. (1) ·
Irreversible GABA-T inhibitor (1) ·
Multiple mechanisms; GPR55 antagonist; TRPV1 agonist (1) ·
NMDA antagonist; GABAA potentiator (1) ·
Primary alkaloid is arecoline, a muscarinic agonist (M1, M2, M3, M4) and partial agonist at nicotinic receptors. Produces alertness, salivation, sweating, mild euphoria. (1) ·
Primary alkaloid is cocaine, a tropane that blocks reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine (and serotonin). At low oral doses from leaf chewing, the slow release favors NE-mediated alertness over DA-mediated euphoria. (1) ·
Primary alkaloid is theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine), with minor caffeine. Also contains phenethylamine, anandamide (an endogenous cannabinoid), tryptophan (serotonin precursor), and flavanols. The combined effect is mild stimulation + mood elevation. (1) ·
Prodrug of phenytoin; sodium channel blocker (1) ·
Serotonin releaser; sigma-1 agonist (1) ·
Slow-inactivation sodium channel enhancer; CRMP-2 ligand (1) ·
Sodium channel blocker (2) ·
Sodium channel blocker; GABAA positive allosteric modulator (1) ·
Sodium channel modulator (1) ·
Sodium/T-type calcium channel blocker; carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (1) ·
SV2A ligand (higher affinity than levetiracetam) (1) ·
T-type calcium channel blocker (1)
uses:
None (19) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000008-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000009-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000000C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000000D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000000E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000000F-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000065-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000000AD-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000AE-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000003A0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003A1-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000069B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000069C-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000081E-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
preparations:
None (19) ·
A ''betel quid'': areca nut slice + betel leaf + slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) ± tobacco ± spices, chewed (1) ·
Dried leaves and twigs, infused in a gourd (''mate'') and drunk through a metal straw (''bombilla'') (1) ·
Fermented and roasted seeds, ground. Mexican tradition: drunk with chili, cornmeal, achiote. European tradition: with sugar and milk (1) ·
Fresh nuts chewed; also dried and powdered (1) ·
Leaves chewed with a pinch of slaked lime (the lime converts cocaine HCl to freebase for buccal absorption); also drunk as tea (''mate de coca'') (1) ·
Roasted seeds ground to powder, mixed with water; commercial syrups and energy drinks (1) ·
Toasted leaves and twigs decocted to a near-black concentrate (1)
fda max:
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onset:
duration: (Click arrow to add another value)
halflife:
bioavailability:
pregnancy:
Showing below up to 26 results in range #1 to #26.