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Medicines > classes : Antidepressant or Beta blocker or Research material

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generic:
brand:
None (131) · (none, never marketed) (1) · Anafranil (1) · Aurorix (1) · Betapace (1) · Brevibloc (1) · Bystolic (1) · Corgard (1) · Cymbalta, Drizalma Sprinkle, Irenka, Yentreve (1) · Edronax (1) · Fetzima (1) · Inderal (1) · Lopressor (tartrate), Toprol XL (succinate) (1) · Ludiomil (1) · Marplan (1) · Nardil (1) · Norpramin (1) · O-DSMT (1) · Parnate (1) · Savella (1) · Serzone (1) · Stablon (1) · Surmontil (1) · Tofranil (1) · Valdoxan (1) · Vivactil (1) · Zebeta (1) · Zoloft (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
5-HT2A agonist (26) · Monoamine releasing agent (9) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (8) · CB1/CB2 agonist (7) · Dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (5) · Potent 5-HT2A agonist (5) · LSD analogue; 5-HT2A agonist (4) · Prodrug of LSD; 5-HT2A agonist (4) · None (3) · Irreversible non-selective MAO inhibitor (3) · Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (3) · Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (3) · Serotonin/norepinephrine/dopamine releasing agent (3) · Cathinone analogue; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (2) · Dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2) · NMDA antagonist (2) · Prodrug of GHB (2) · Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2)
uses:
None (152) · Depression, anxiety, neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, chronic musculoskeletal pain (1) · No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F8-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F9-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000059D-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000005E7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000005E8-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000005E9-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000005EA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000005EB-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000636-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000637-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000638-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (152) · 10–40 mg (situational anxiety); 40 mg BID (HTN) (1) · 2.5–5 mg daily (HTN); 1.25 mg daily (HFrEF, slow titration) (1) · 25 mg (1) · 25–50 mg BID (tartrate); 25–100 mg daily (succinate); 12.5 mg daily in HFrEF (1) · 5 mg daily (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)
preparations:
None (152) · 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 mg tabs; 60/80/120/160 mg ER caps; 1 mg/mL IV (1) · 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tabs (1) · 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg tablets; oral concentrate 20 mg/mL (1) · 5, 10 mg tabs (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1) · Tartrate: 25, 50, 100 mg tabs; 1 mg/mL IV. Succinate ER: 25, 50, 100, 200 mg. (1)
fda max:
None (152) · 20 mg/d (1) · 200 mg/d (1) · 40 mg/d (1) · 400 mg/d (1) · 640 mg/d (HTN); 240 mg/d (migraine) (1) · N/A (never approved) (1)
routes:
None (151) · intranasal; rectal and IV reported. (1) · IV (2) · Oral (7) · sublingual (1)
onset:
None (151) · 1–2 h (2) · 1–2 h (PO), immediate (IV) (1) · 1–2 h (PO); immediate (IV) (1) · Anxiolysis classically 3-4 weeks, continuing improvement to 8-12 weeks (1) · Mood: 2–4 weeks. Pain: often within 1–2 weeks. (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)
duration:
None (151) · 24 h (2) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1) · 6–12 h (IR); 24 h (ER) (1) · 6–12 h (tartrate); 24 h (succinate) (1) · Chronic daily dosing (1) · Long (1)
halflife:
None (151) · 3–6 h (1) · 3–7 h (1) · 9–12 h (1) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1) · ~10 h (CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers); up to 31 h (poor metabolizers) (1) · ~12 hours (1) · ~26 h (sertraline; range 13-45 h, longer in females); ~62-104 h (N-desmethylsertraline, weakly active) (1)
bioavailability:
None (151) · Absolute bioavailability not precisely characterized; food modestly increases exposure (1) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1) · ~12% (extensive metabolizers); ~96% (poor metabolizers) (1) · ~25% (extensive hepatic first-pass) (1) · ~50% (1) · ~50% (highly variable) (1) · ~90% (low first-pass) (1)
pregnancy:
None (151) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · Category C (5) · Category C'"`UNIQ--ref-0000008F-QINU`"' (1)
legal:
None (152) · Rx-only (1) · Rx-only in US (5)

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