Drilldown: Medicines

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Medicines (732)

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: Antidepressant

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Other values:

None (70) · ''Areca catechu'' (the nut); ''Piper betle'' (the leaf) (1) · ''Brugmansia'' spp., Angel's trumpet, ''borrachero'', ''toé'' (1) · ''Camellia sinensis'' (formerly ''Thea sinensis'') (1) · ''Catha edulis''. Chat, qat, the Flower of Paradise (1) · ''Coffea arabica'', ''Coffea canephora'' (robusta) (1) · ''Cola nitida'', ''Cola acuminata'' (1) · ''Erythroxylum coca'', ''E. novogranatense'' (1) · ''Ilex paraguariensis'' (1) · ''Ilex vomitoria'' (1) · ''Mimosa tenuiflora''. Jurema preta, tepescohuite (1) · ''Paullinia cupana'' (1) · ''Sophora secundiflora''. Texas mountain laurel, frijolillo (1) · ''Theobroma cacao'' (1) · Anafranil (1) · Aurorix (1) · Cymbalta, Drizalma Sprinkle, Irenka, Yentreve (1) · Deadly nightshade (1) · Delysid (historical, Sandoz, withdrawn 1965) (1) · Edronax (1) · Fetzima (1) · Henbane, black henbane (1) · Ludiomil (1) · Mandrake (1) · Marplan (1) · Nardil (1) · Norpramin (1) · Parnate (1) · Reed canary grass (1) · Savella (1) · Serzone (1) · Stablon (1) · Surmontil (1) · The ayahuasca vine, ''yagé'', ''caapi'', ''mariri'' (1) · Tofranil (1) · Valdoxan (1) · Vivactil (1) · Wormwood, absinthe, la Fée Verte, the Green Muse (1) · Zoloft (1)

5-HT2A agonist (26) · Potent 5-HT2A agonist (5) · LSD analogue; 5-HT2A agonist (4) · Prodrug of LSD; 5-HT2A agonist (4) · Irreversible non-selective MAO inhibitor (3) · Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (3) · Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (3) · Contains LSA (2) · Contains mescaline (2) · Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2)

Other values:

None (103) · 25 mg (1) · A ''marduuf'' bundle (~50 g fresh leaves) chewed over a couple of hours (1) · A measured pour of absinthe diluted 5:1 with cold water over sugar (the louche ritual) (1) · One cup (~40–60 mg caffeine; about half of brewed coffee) (1) · One cup (~80–145 mg caffeine for brewed; 60–100 mg for instant) (1)

None (88) · 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg tablets; oral concentrate 20 mg/mL (1) · A ''betel quid'': areca nut slice + betel leaf + slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) ± tobacco ± spices, chewed (1) · Acid/base extraction of fresh young grass for tryptamines; combined with an MAOI (1) · Bark/woody stem decocted with a DMT-source plant (''Psychotria viridis'', ''Diplopterys cabrerana'') to make ayahuasca (1) · Bright red seeds, traditionally ingested or smoked. Highly toxic, narrow margin between active and lethal (1) · Dried leaves and twigs, infused in a gourd (''mate'') and drunk through a metal straw (''bombilla'') (1) · Dried leaves, infused. Six major processings: white, green, yellow, oolong, black, pu-erh (1) · Dried leaves; absinthe liqueur (120–160 proof, with hyssop, lemon balm, fennel, anise, sometimes Acorus calamus) (1) · Fermented and roasted seeds, ground. Mexican tradition: drunk with chili, cornmeal, achiote. European tradition: with sugar and milk (1) · Flowers or leaves infused or smoked. Highly variable potency; narrow toxic margin (1) · Fresh leaves and tender twigs chewed; degrades on drying (1) · Fresh nuts chewed; also dried and powdered (1) · Leaves and seeds, traditionally smoked or infused. Possibly the original Pythia oracle plant (1) · Leaves chewed with a pinch of slaked lime (the lime converts cocaine HCl to freebase for buccal absorption); also drunk as tea (''mate de coca'') (1) · Leaves, berries, root. Historically: belladonna cigarettes ("Asthmador") OTC in US until the 1970s (1) · Roasted beans, ground; brewed (drip, French press, espresso, cold brew, percolated) (1) · Roasted seeds ground to powder, mixed with water; commercial syrups and energy drinks (1) · Root bark acid/base-extracted for DMT; or as the resurrected ''jurema preta'' brew (decocted with an MAOI such as ''Peganum harmala'') (1) · Root, traditionally carved into ''mannikens'' or infused into wine (1) · Toasted leaves and twigs decocted to a near-black concentrate (1)

None (107) · 200 mg/d (1)

None (86) · buccal); refined cocaine has its own profile (1) · inhalation (2) · Oral (17) · Oral (buccal absorption) (1) · Oral (buccal) (1) · Oral (leaf (1) · Oral (with MAOI) (2) · smoked (extracted DMT) (1) · topical (1)

None (102) · 15–30 min (2) · 30–60 minutes (1) · Anxiolysis classically 3-4 weeks, continuing improvement to 8-12 weeks (1) · Mood: 2–4 weeks. Pain: often within 1–2 weeks. (1) · ~15–30 min (1)

None (102) · 2–4 h (1) · 3–4 h (1) · 3–5 h (subjective) (1) · 8–12 hours (1) · Chronic daily dosing (1) · Long (1)

None (103) · 3–5 hours (1) · ~12 hours (1) · ~26 h (sertraline; range 13-45 h, longer in females); ~62-104 h (N-desmethylsertraline, weakly active) (1) · ~5 h (caffeine) (2)

None (104) · 70–90% (oral) (1) · Absolute bioavailability not precisely characterized; food modestly increases exposure (1) · ~50% (highly variable) (1) · ~99% (caffeine) (1)

None (104) · Category C (1) · Category C'"`UNIQ--ref-0000008F-QINU`"' (1) · Limit to <200 mg/d (~2 cups brewed) (1) · Not established (1)

None (100) · Currently legal in most jurisdictions with thujone limits (1) · Leaves legal in Bolivia, Peru, Colombia; cocaine internationally controlled (1) · Plant unrestricted; pharmaceutical atropine Rx-only (1) · Rx-only (1) · Rx-only in US (1) · Schedule I (United States) (1) · Schedule I in US since 1993 (despite traditional use elsewhere); legal in Ethiopia, Kenya, Yemen, Somalia, Djibouti (1) · Unrestricted (food) (1)