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None (10)

None (3) · Extremely potent GABAA positive allosteric modulator (1) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (15) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (non-benzodiazepine) (3) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator; very long half-life (1) · GABAA potentiator (1) · GABAA potentiator and direct activator (2) · GABAB agonist; GHB receptor agonist (1) · Irreversible non-selective MAO inhibitor (3) · Melatonin receptor agonist (2) · Melatonin receptor agonist; 5-HT2C antagonist (1) · Mu-opioid agonist; modulates glutamate AMPA receptors (1) · Positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl− channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1) · Potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor; also NRI (1) · Reversible inhibitor of MAO-A (1) · Selective GABAA agonist (extrasynaptic delta subunit) (1) · Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (3) · Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (3) · Serotonin reuptake inhibitor and 5-HT2A antagonist (1) · Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibition (balanced) (1) · Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2) · TrkB/BDNF'"`UNIQ--ref-00000084-QINU`"' '"`UNIQ--vote-00000085-QINU`"' (1) · Weak SRI; primarily H1/D2/alpha antagonist (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000001F6-QINU`"' CYP3A4 (primary) and P-glycoprotein substrate; strong dual inhibitors or inducers materially shift exposure. Reversal: andexanet alfa for life-threatening bleeding; 4F-PCC commonly used off-label when andexanet unavailable'"`UNIQ--ref-000001F7-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000050D-QINU`"' CYP3A4 (primary) and P-glycoprotein substrate; strong dual inhibitors or inducers materially shift exposure. Reversal: andexanet alfa for life-threatening bleeding; 4F-PCC commonly used off-label when andexanet unavailable'"`UNIQ--ref-0000050E-QINU`"'. (1)

None (47) · 25 mg (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1) · NVAF: 20 mg PO once daily with the evening meal (15 mg if CrCl 15-50); acute VTE: 15 mg BID for 21 days, then 20 mg daily; CAD/PAD: 2.5 mg BID with aspirin (1) · NVAF: 5 mg PO BID (2.5 mg BID if 2 of 3: age ≥80, weight ≤60 kg, serum creatinine ≥1.5 mg/dL); acute VTE: 10 mg BID for 7 days, then 5 mg BID (1) · Typical 5 mg PO daily; 2.5 mg in elderly, low body weight, malnutrition, hepatic dysfunction. Genotype-guided initial dosing per CPIC/IWPC algorithms (CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP4F2) is one of the most-established PGx applications in current practice (1)

None (47) · 1, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.5, 10 mg tablets (color-coded by strength) (1) · 2.5 mg, 5 mg tablets (1) · 2.5, 10, 15, 20 mg tablets (1) · 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg tablets; oral concentrate 20 mg/mL (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1)

None (47) · 10 mg BID for the first 7 days of acute VTE; otherwise 5 mg BID (1) · 200 mg/d (1) · 30 mg/d (acute VTE first 21 days as 15 mg BID); otherwise 20 mg/d (1) · N/A (never approved) (1) · No fixed maximum; titrated to INR target (1)

None (46) · intranasal; rectal and IV reported. (1) · IV (rarely used; same dose) (1) · Oral (6) · sublingual (1)

None (46) · Anticoagulant effect at 24-72 hours; full INR effect 5-7 days (1) · Anxiolysis classically 3-4 weeks, continuing improvement to 8-12 weeks (1) · Mood: 2–4 weeks. Pain: often within 1–2 weeks. (1) · Peak anticoagulant effect 2-4 hours (1) · Peak anticoagulant effect 3-4 hours (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)

None (46) · 12 hours (1) · 2-5 days after stopping (factor II resynthesis-limited) (1) · 24 hours (1) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1) · Chronic daily dosing (1) · Long (1)

None (46) · 36-42 hours (R/S enantiomers differ; S-warfarin is 2-5× more potent and cleared by CYP2C9)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000705-QINU`"' (1) · 5-9 hours (elderly: 11-13 hours)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000513-QINU`"' (1) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1) · ~12 hours (1) · ~12 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000001FB-QINU`"' (1) · ~26 h (sertraline; range 13-45 h, longer in females); ~62-104 h (N-desmethylsertraline, weakly active) (1)

None (46) · Absolute bioavailability not precisely characterized; food modestly increases exposure (1) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1) · ~100% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000706-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (highly variable) (1) · ~50% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-000001FC-QINU`"' (1) · ~80-100% with food at 15-20 mg doses (10 mg dose: ~80% without food); '''must be taken with food''' at therapeutic doses'"`UNIQ--ref-00000514-QINU`"' (1)

None (48) · Avoid in pregnancy; switch to LMWH. Crosses placenta; warfarin-class concerns about fetal hemorrhage and teratogenicity make heparins the preferred class.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · Category C (1) · Category C'"`UNIQ--ref-0000008F-QINU`"' (1)

None (47) · Rx-only (1) · Rx-only in US (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (3)

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