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: Antidepressant

or Sedative-hypnotic

or [[:Category:ACE_inhibitors|ACE inhibitor]]

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None (10)

None (4) · Extremely potent GABAA positive allosteric modulator (1) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (15) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (non-benzodiazepine) (3) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator; very long half-life (1) · GABAA potentiator (1) · GABAA potentiator and direct activator (2) · GABAB agonist; GHB receptor agonist (1) · Irreversible non-selective MAO inhibitor (3) · Melatonin receptor agonist (2) · Melatonin receptor agonist; 5-HT2C antagonist (1) · Mu-opioid agonist; modulates glutamate AMPA receptors (1) · Positive allosteric modulator of the GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl<sup>−</sup> channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1) · Potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor; also NRI (1) · Reversible inhibitor of MAO-A (1) · Selective GABAA agonist (extrasynaptic delta subunit) (1) · Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (3) · Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (3) · Serotonin reuptake inhibitor and 5-HT2A antagonist (1) · Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibition (balanced) (1) · Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2) · TrkB/BDNF'"`UNIQ--ref-00000084-QINU`"' '"`UNIQ--vote-00000085-QINU`"' (1) · Weak SRI; primarily H1/D2/alpha antagonist (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000053-QINU`"' Also raises bradykinin, contributing to vasodilation and the characteristic dry cough. Renally cleared, unmetabolized; dose-adjust by eGFR'"`UNIQ--ref-00000054-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A1D-QINU`"' Like other ACE inhibitors, it raises bradykinin (driving the dry cough and rare angioedema). Renally cleared; dose-adjust in renal impairment'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A1E-QINU`"'. (1)

None (47) · 10 mg PO once daily (5 mg if on a diuretic); titrate to 40 mg (1) · 2.5 mg PO once daily (1.25 mg in CHF or volume depletion); titrate to 5-10 mg/d (1) · 25 mg (1) · 5-10 mg PO once daily (2.5 mg if on diuretic or in heart failure); titrate to 10-20 mg BID for HFrEF (1) · 5-10 mg PO once daily (2.5 mg in heart failure, hyponatremia, or volume depletion) (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)

None (47) · 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 mg capsules (1) · 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tablets; 1 mg/mL oral solution (Epaned); 1.25 mg/mL IV (enalaprilat) (1) · 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 mg tablets; 1 mg/mL oral solution (1) · 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg tablets; oral concentrate 20 mg/mL (1) · 5, 10, 20, 40 mg tablets (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1)

None (47) · 20 mg/d (hypertension); 10 mg/d (other indications typical) (1) · 200 mg/d (1) · 40 mg/d (1) · 80 mg/d (2) · N/A (never approved) (1)

None (46) · intranasal; rectal and IV reported. (1) · IV (1) · Oral (7) · sublingual (1)

None (46) · Anxiolysis classically 3-4 weeks, continuing improvement to 8-12 weeks (1) · BP effect 1 hour; max at 4-6 hours (1) · BP effect 1-2 hours; max at 6 hours (1) · BP lowering within 1 hour; max at 6 hours (1) · BP lowering within 1 hour; max effect at 6 hours (1) · Mood: 2–4 weeks. Pain: often within 1–2 weeks. (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)

None (46) · 12-24 hours (1) · 24 hours (3) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1) · Chronic daily dosing (1) · Long (1)

None (46) · 10-11 hours (benazeprilat, the active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A22-QINU`"' (1) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1) · ~11 hours (enalaprilat, the active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B84-QINU`"' (1) · ~12 hours (1) · ~12 hours (effective); terminal half-life is biphasic'"`UNIQ--ref-00000059-QINU`"' (1) · ~13-17 hours (ramiprilat, the active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C32-QINU`"' (1) · ~26 h (sertraline; range 13-45 h, longer in females); ~62-104 h (N-desmethylsertraline, weakly active) (1)

None (46) · Absolute bioavailability not precisely characterized; food modestly increases exposure (1) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1) · ~25% (oral; food does not affect absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000005A-QINU`"' (1) · ~28% (oral; food slows but does not reduce absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C33-QINU`"' (1) · ~37% (oral; food does not affect)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A23-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (highly variable) (1) · ~60% (oral; food does not affect absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B85-QINU`"' (1)

None (46) · '''Contraindicated in pregnancy''' (all trimesters); fetal renal injury, oligohydramnios, skull hypoplasia, hypotension. Stop on detection'"`UNIQ--ref-0000005B-QINU`"' (1) · '''Contraindicated in pregnancy''' (all trimesters); fetal renal injury, oligohydramnios, skull hypoplasia, hypotension. Stop on detection'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A24-QINU`"' (1) · '''Contraindicated in pregnancy''' (all trimesters); fetal renal injury, oligohydramnios, skull hypoplasia, hypotension. Stop on detection'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B86-QINU`"' (1) · '''Contraindicated in pregnancy''' (all trimesters); fetal renal injury, oligohydramnios, skull hypoplasia, hypotension'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C34-QINU`"' (1) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · Category C (1) · Category C'"`UNIQ--ref-0000008F-QINU`"' (1)

None (47) · Rx-only (1) · Rx-only in US (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (4)

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