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Medicines > classes : Antidepressant or Stimulant or [[:Category:Barbiturates|Barbiturate (parent compound)]]

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generic:
brand:
None (43) · Anafranil (1) · Aurorix (1) · Benzedrex (1) · Cymbalta, Drizalma Sprinkle, Irenka, Yentreve (1) · Edronax (1) · Fetzima (1) · Ludiomil (1) · Marplan (1) · Mysoline (1) · Nardil (1) · Norpramin (1) · Parnate (1) · Savella (1) · Serzone (1) · Stablon (1) · Surmontil (1) · Tofranil (1) · Valdoxan (1) · Vivactil (1) · Zoloft (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
Monoamine releasing agent (8) · Dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (5) · Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (4) · Irreversible non-selective MAO inhibitor (3) · Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (3) · Cathinone analogue; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (2) · Dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2) · Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (2) · Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2)
uses:
None (61) · Depression, anxiety, neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, chronic musculoskeletal pain (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000015-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000016-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (61) · 25 mg (1) · Seizures: 100-125 mg PO at bedtime x 3 days, then BID, then TID, escalating to 750-1500 mg/day. Essential tremor: 25-50 mg PO at bedtime, titrate slowly to 250-750 mg/day (1)
preparations:
None (61) · 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg tablets; oral concentrate 20 mg/mL (1) · Tablets 50, 250 mg (1)
fda max:
None (61) · 2 g/day (seizures); typically much lower for essential tremor (1) · 200 mg/d (1)
routes:
None (60) · Oral (3)
onset:
None (60) · Anticonvulsant effect emerges with slow titration over weeks; tremor effect over weeks (1) · Anxiolysis classically 3-4 weeks, continuing improvement to 8-12 weeks (1) · Mood: 2–4 weeks. Pain: often within 1–2 weeks. (1)
duration:
None (60) · BID-TID dosing (1) · Chronic daily dosing (1) · Long (1)
halflife:
None (60) · Primidone 5-15 hours; '''phenobarbital active metabolite 50-150 hours'''; PEMA (phenylethylmalonamide) active metabolite 16 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000017-QINU`"' (1) · ~12 hours (1) · ~26 h (sertraline; range 13-45 h, longer in females); ~62-104 h (N-desmethylsertraline, weakly active) (1)
bioavailability:
None (60) · Absolute bioavailability not precisely characterized; food modestly increases exposure (1) · ~50% (highly variable) (1) · ~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
None (60) · Category C (1) · Category C'"`UNIQ--ref-0000008F-QINU`"' (1) · Substantial teratogenic signal (barbiturate class effects including neonatal withdrawal and hemorrhagic disease of newborn).<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)
legal:
None (60) · Rx-only (1) · Rx-only in US (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. '''Federally non-controlled despite being a barbiturate''', a paradoxical situation given that its primary active metabolite phenobarbital is Schedule IV'"`UNIQ--ref-00000019-QINU`"' (1)

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