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Medicines > classes : Benzodiazepine or Classic Psychedelic or [[:Category:Anesthetics|Anesthetic]]

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generic:
brand:
None (78) · Dalmane (1) · Delysid (historical, Sandoz, withdrawn 1965) (1) · Doral (1) · Halcion (1) · Lexotan (1) · Librium (1) · Mogadon (1) · Onfi (1) · ProSom (1) · Restoril (1) · Rohypnol (1) · Serax (1) · Tranxene (1) · Versed (1) · Xanax (1) · Xylocaine (injectable, oral solution, topical), Lidoderm (patch), ZTLido (patch), Glydo (jelly), EMLA (with prilocaine, topical) (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
5-HT2A agonist (26) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (18) · Potent 5-HT2A agonist (5) · LSD analogue; 5-HT2A agonist (4) · Prodrug of LSD; 5-HT2A agonist (4) · Contains LSA (2) · Contains mescaline (2)
uses:
None (92) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000069-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000006A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000006B-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (92) · 0.25 mg (1) · Infiltration: 1-2% solution; '''4.5 mg/kg ceiling without epinephrine, 7 mg/kg with epinephrine'''. IV antiarrhythmic: 1-1.5 mg/kg bolus then infusion 1-4 mg/minute. Lidoderm patch: up to 3 patches per 12 hours (1)
preparations:
None (92) · 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg tablets (immediate-release and orally disintegrating); 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg extended-release tablets; 1 mg/mL oral concentrate (1) · Injection 0.5-4% solutions (with and without epinephrine); topical cream 4-5%; transdermal patch 5% (Lidoderm), 1.8% (ZTLido); oral 2% viscous solution; jelly 2%; ophthalmic (1)
fda max:
None (92) · '''4.5 mg/kg (without epinephrine), 7 mg/kg (with epinephrine)''' for infiltration; serum level monitoring required for prolonged IV antiarrhythmic use (1) · 10 mg/d (1)
routes:
None (91) · epidural (1) · infiltration (1) · intravenous (1) · nerve block) (1) · Oral (2) · oral mucosal (1) · regional anesthesia (spinal (1) · Topical (1)
onset:
None (91) · 30-60 min (immediate-release); 1-2 h (extended-release) (1) · 30–60 minutes (1) · <1 minute (IV); 1-2 minutes (infiltration); 30+ minutes (patch on adult skin, faster on thinner pediatric skin) (1)
duration:
None (91) · 30-90 minutes (infiltration without epinephrine); 90-200 minutes (with epinephrine); 12 hours (patch) (1) · 6 h (immediate-release); ~11 h (extended-release) (1) · 8–12 hours (1)
halflife:
None (91) · 1.5-2 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000020-QINU`"' (1) · 11-13 h (immediate-release); 11-16 h (extended-release) (1) · 3–5 hours (1)
bioavailability:
None (91) · 70–90% (oral) (1) · 80-90% oral (1) · ~35% (oral, extensive first-pass; not used orally for systemic effect); ~100% (IV)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
None (91) · Category D'"`UNIQ--ref-0000006C-QINU`"' (1) · Extensive use experience in obstetric anesthesia; broadly considered safe'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"' (1) · Not established (1)
legal:
None (91) · Schedule I (United States) (1) · Schedule IV (US) (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] for most formulations; some low-concentration topical formulations are [[USLegal:Over-the-counter|OTC]] (4% cream) (1)

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