Drilldown: Medicines

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Medicines (732)

Medicines > classes

: Benzodiazepine

or Empathogen

or [[:Category:Antihistamines|Antihistamine]]

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Extremely potent GABAA positive allosteric modulator (1) · GABA-A positive allosteric modulator'"`UNIQ--ref-00000067-QINU`"' '"`UNIQ--vote-00000068-QINU`"' (1) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (18) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator; low sedation (1) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator; prodrug of desmethyldiazepam (1) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator; very long half-life (1) · MAO inhibitor; monoamine releasing agent (1) · MAO inhibitor; serotonin releasing agent (1) · Monoamine releasing agent (3) · Monoamine releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Monoamine releasing agent; serotonergic at higher doses (1) · Serotonin releasing agent (2) · Serotonin releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist (3) · Serotonin/dopamine/norepinephrine releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Serotonin/norepinephrine/dopamine releasing agent (3) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000391-QINU`"' Minimal CYP metabolism; mostly renally cleared unchanged. Cetirizine is the active racemate; levocetirizine is the active R-enantiomer marketed separately'"`UNIQ--ref-00000392-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000061E-QINU`"' Less reliably anticholinergic than first-generation H1s; minimal antiemetic effect. Desloratadine (Clarinex) is the active enantiomer-of-metabolite version marketed as a Rx alternative. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000950-QINU`"' Mostly renally cleared unchanged; dose-reduce in renal impairment. Like cetirizine, retains slightly more sedation than fexofenadine in some users'"`UNIQ--ref-00000951-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000CC9-QINU`"' Mostly excreted unchanged in feces and urine; P-glycoprotein substrate (the basis of the fruit-juice interaction). (1)

None (38) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000069-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000006A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000006B-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000393-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000394-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000395-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000061F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000620-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000952-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000953-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000CCA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000CCB-QINU`"' (1)

None (38) · 0.25 mg (1) · 10 mg PO once daily (1) · 10 mg PO once daily (5 mg in older adults or if sedation occurs) (1) · 5 mg PO once daily in the evening (1) · 60 mg PO BID or 180 mg PO once daily (1)

None (38) · 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg tablets (immediate-release and orally disintegrating); 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg extended-release tablets; 1 mg/mL oral concentrate (1) · 10 mg tablets; 5 mg ODT and chewables; 1 mg/mL oral syrup; combo Claritin-D (with pseudoephedrine, behind-counter) (1) · 30, 60, 180 mg tablets; 30 mg ODT; 6 mg/mL oral suspension; all OTC (1) · 5 mg tablets; 2.5 mg/5 mL oral solution; OTC (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg tablets; 5 mg, 10 mg chewables; 1 mg/mL oral syrup; OTC (1)

None (38) · 10 mg/d (1) · 10 mg/d (adults) (2) · 180 mg/d (adults) (1) · 5 mg/d (adults) (1)

None (38) · Oral (5)

None (38) · 1-2 hours (1) · 1-3 hours (slower onset than cetirizine; symptom relief somewhat less) (1) · 30-60 min (immediate-release); 1-2 h (extended-release) (1) · 30-60 minutes (2)

None (38) · 12-24 hours (1) · 24 hours (3) · 6 h (immediate-release); ~11 h (extended-release) (1)

None (38) · 11-13 h (immediate-release); 11-16 h (extended-release) (1) · 8-10 hours (longer in elderly and renal impairment)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000396-QINU`"' (1) · ~14 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CCC-QINU`"' (1) · ~8 hours (longer in elderly and renal impairment)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000954-QINU`"' (1) · ~8 hours (parent); ~28 hours (desloratadine, the active metabolite, marketed separately as Clarinex)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000621-QINU`"' (1)

None (38) · 80-90% oral (1) · High (oral); not significantly affected by food'"`UNIQ--ref-00000397-QINU`"' (1) · High (oral; food prolongs absorption modestly)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000622-QINU`"' (1) · ~33% (oral; fruit juices including grapefruit, orange, and apple reduce absorption substantially via OATP1A2 inhibition — distinctive interaction not seen with most other H1s)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CCD-QINU`"' (1) · ~85-90% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000955-QINU`"' (1)

None (38) · Category D'"`UNIQ--ref-0000006C-QINU`"' (1) · Generally considered safe; loratadine and cetirizine have more pregnancy data and are typically preferred.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Generally considered safe; widely used. Cetirizine and loratadine remain the more-studied alternatives.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Generally considered safe; widely used. Levocetirizine (the R-enantiomer) is an alternative with similar safety.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Generally considered safe; widely used. Loratadine and cetirizine are the most-recommended 2nd-gen H1s in pregnancy and lactation.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1)