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Medicines > classes : Benzodiazepine or Psychostimulant & routes: Oral

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generic:
Alprazolam (1) · Dexmethylphenidate (1) · Methylphenidate (1) · Mixed amphetamine salts (1)
brand:
Adderall, Adderall XR, Mydayis (1) · Focalin, Focalin XR (1) · Ritalin, Ritalin LA, Concerta, Metadate CD, Daytrana, Quillivant XR (1) · Xanax (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
GABA-A positive allosteric modulator'"`UNIQ--ref-00000067-QINU`"' '"`UNIQ--vote-00000068-QINU`"' (1) · Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibition (DAT, NET) (1) · Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibition (DAT, NET), d-threo enantiomer of methylphenidate (1) · TAAR1 agonism, VMAT2 substrate, DAT/NET reverse transport, net release of dopamine and norepinephrine (1)
uses:
ADHD, narcolepsy (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000069-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000006A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000006B-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000150-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000151-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000562-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000563-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000564-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000565-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000566-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (2) · 0.25 mg (1) · 2.5 mg IR, 5 mg XR, or 12.5mg Mydayis (1)
preparations:
None (2) · 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg tablets (immediate-release and orally disintegrating); 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg extended-release tablets; 1 mg/mL oral concentrate (1) · IR tabs 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 20, 30 mg; XR caps 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 mg; Mydayis caps 12.5, 25, 37.5, 50 mg (1)
fda max:
None (2) · 10 mg/d (1) · XR = 40 or 60 mg/d; IR = 40 or 60 mg/d'"`UNIQ--ref-00000567-QINU`"' (1)
routes: (Click arrow to add another value)
onset:
20–60 min (oral) (1) · 30-60 min (immediate-release); 1-2 h (extended-release) (1) · 30–60 min (1) · IR: 30–60 min; XR: 1–2 h to peak effect (1)
duration:
6 h (immediate-release); ~11 h (extended-release) (1) · IR 3–5 h; LA/SR 6–8 h; Concerta 10–12 h; Daytrana ~9 h wear time (1) · IR 4–6 h; XR 10–12 h; Mydayis 14–16 h (1) · IR 4–6 h; XR 8–12 h (1)
halflife:
11-13 h (immediate-release); 11-16 h (extended-release) (1) · 2.2 h (IR parent); ~3 h (XR parent) (1) · 2–3 h (parent compound) (1) · D-amphetamine ~10 h; L-amphetamine ~13 h (adults) (1)
bioavailability:
80-90% oral (1) · ~22–25% (1) · ~30% (high first-pass) (1) · ~75–90% (oral) (1)
pregnancy:
Category C (2) · Category D'"`UNIQ--ref-0000006C-QINU`"' (1) · Pregnancy categories were retired by FDA in 2015. Limited reproductive data with small observational signal for cardiac malformations; risk-benefit decision, with many patients deferring ADHD treatment during pregnancy. See pregnancy_details for the full discussion. (1)
legal:
Schedule II (3) · Schedule IV (US) (1)

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