Drilldown: Medicines
Medicines > classes 
:
Benzodiazepine or
Sedative-Hypnotic or
[[:Category:Osmotic_laxatives|Osmotic laxative]]
:
Benzodiazepine or
Sedative-Hypnotic or
[[:Category:Osmotic_laxatives|Osmotic laxative]] Use the filters below to narrow your results.
generic:
brand:
None (10) ·
(none, never marketed) (1) ·
Dalmane (1) ·
Doral (1) ·
Doriden (1) ·
GoLYTELY, NuLYTELY, TriLyte, MoviPrep, Plenvu, Gavilyte (1) ·
Halcion (1) ·
Hetlioz (1) ·
Imovane (1) ·
Kristalose, Constulose, Generlac, Enulose (1) ·
Lexotan (1) ·
Librium (1) ·
Lunesta (1) ·
MiraLAX (OTC), GlycoLax, GoLYTELY (with electrolytes for bowel prep), CoLyte, MoviPrep, NuLYTELY (1) ·
Mogadon (1) ·
Nembutal (1) ·
Onfi (1) ·
Placidyl (1) ·
ProSom (1) ·
Quaalude (1) ·
Restoril (1) ·
Rohypnol (1) ·
Rozerem (1) ·
Seconal (1) ·
Serax (1) ·
Sonata (1) ·
THIP (1) ·
Tranxene (1) ·
Versed (1) ·
Xanax (1) ·
Xyrem (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
None (3) ·
Extremely potent GABAA positive allosteric modulator (1) ·
GABA-A positive allosteric modulator'"`UNIQ--ref-00000067-QINU`"' '"`UNIQ--vote-00000068-QINU`"' (1) ·
GABAA positive allosteric modulator (19) ·
GABAA positive allosteric modulator (non-benzodiazepine) (3) ·
GABAA positive allosteric modulator; low sedation (1) ·
GABAA positive allosteric modulator; prodrug of desmethyldiazepam (1) ·
GABAA positive allosteric modulator; very long half-life (1) ·
GABAA potentiator (1) ·
GABAA potentiator and direct activator (2) ·
GABAB agonist; GHB receptor agonist (1) ·
Melatonin receptor agonist (2) ·
Positive allosteric modulator of the GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl<sup>−</sup> channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1) ·
Selective GABAA agonist (extrasynaptic delta subunit) (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000054-QINU`"' The clinical efficacy endpoint is adequate visualization at colonoscopy, scored by the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale'"`UNIQ--ref-00000055-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000132D-QINU`"' Electrolyte-balanced bowel-prep formulations are designed to be iso-osmotic with plasma so the volume passes through without net fluid or electrolyte shifts, the basis of their safety for whole-bowel evacuation. (1)
uses:
None (35) ·
No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000056-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000057-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000069-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000006A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000006B-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000F5C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F5D-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000132E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000132F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001330-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (35) ·
0.25 mg (1) ·
4 L oral solution (GoLYTELY-class) split-dose: 2 L evening before, 2 L morning of procedure; low-volume products (MoviPrep, Plenvu) use 1-2 L with required clear-fluid intake (1) ·
Constipation: 15-30 mL PO daily (titrate to 1-2 soft stools/day); hepatic encephalopathy: 20-30 g (30-45 mL) PO/PR every 1-2 hours acutely until soft stools, then BID-QID to target 2-3 soft stools/day (1) ·
Constipation: 17 g (one capful) PO daily dissolved in 4-8 oz fluid; bowel prep: 4 L of PEG-electrolyte solution split-dose evening before and morning of procedure (1) ·
No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)
preparations:
None (35) ·
0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg tablets (immediate-release and orally disintegrating); 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg extended-release tablets; 1 mg/mL oral concentrate (1) ·
10 g/15 mL solution (Constulose); 10 g, 20 g powder packets (Kristalose) (1) ·
17 g (OTC) and 14 g (Rx) powder packets; 238, 510, 527 g bottles; PEG-electrolyte preparations 4 L (GoLYTELY, NuLYTELY) (1) ·
Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1) ·
Powder for oral solution in 4 L jugs (PEG 3350 ~236 g + NaCl, NaHCO3, KCl, Na2SO4) and low-volume packets (1)
fda max:
routes:
onset:
None (35) ·
30-60 min (immediate-release); 1-2 h (extended-release) (1) ·
Constipation: 1-3 days; bowel prep: 1-3 hours after starting (1) ·
Constipation: 24-48 hours; HE: ammonia reduction within hours of stool production (1) ·
First bowel movement within 1-2 hours (1) ·
~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)
duration:
halflife:
None (35) ·
11-13 h (immediate-release); 11-16 h (extended-release) (1) ·
Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1) ·
Not absorbed (1) ·
Not meaningfully described (negligible systemic absorption) (1) ·
Not meaningfully described — lactulose is not significantly absorbed (1)
bioavailability:
None (35) ·
80-90% oral (1) ·
<0.1% systemic absorption (PEG 3350 is too large to absorb intact) (1) ·
<3% systemic absorption (the basis of the safety and mechanism)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F5E-QINU`"' (1) ·
Negligible (not absorbed)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000058-QINU`"' (1) ·
Not formally characterized in humans. (1)
pregnancy:
None (35) ·
Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) ·
Category D'"`UNIQ--ref-0000006C-QINU`"' (1) ·
Generally considered safe (minimal systemic absorption).<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered safe due to minimal systemic absorption.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Not absorbed; generally considered acceptable when bowel prep is required<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1)
Showing below up to 56 results in range #1 to #56.
A
B
C
D
E
F
- Flubromazolam
- Flubromazolam
- Flunitrazepam
- Flunitrazepam
- Flunitrazolam
- Flunitrazolam
- Flurazepam
- Flurazepam