Drilldown/Medicines

Alprazolam (1) · Bromazepam (1) · Bromazolam (1) · Chlordiazepoxide (1) · Clobazam (1) · Clonazolam (1) · Clorazepate (1) · Deschloroetizolam (1) · Diclazepam (1) · Estazolam (1) · Eszopiclone (1) · Ethchlorvynol (1) · Flualprazolam (1) · Flubromazepam (1) · Flubromazolam (1) · Flunitrazepam (1) · Flunitrazolam (1) · Flurazepam (1) · Gaboxadol (1) · GHB (1) · Glutethimide (1) · Lormetazepam (1) · Methaqualone (1) · Midazolam (1) · Nifoxipam (1) · Nitrazepam (1) · Oxazepam (1) · Pentobarbital (1) · Pseudoephedrine (hydrochloride; sulfate) (1) · Pyrazolam (1) · Quazepam (1) · Ramelteon (1) · Secobarbital (1) · Tasimelteon (1) · Temazepam (1) · Triazolam (1) · Zaleplon (1) · Zopiclone (1)

None (10) · (none, never marketed) (1) · Dalmane (1) · Doral (1) · Doriden (1) · Halcion (1) · Hetlioz (1) · Imovane (1) · Lexotan (1) · Librium (1) · Lunesta (1) · Mogadon (1) · Nembutal (1) · Onfi (1) · Placidyl (1) · ProSom (1) · Quaalude (1) · Restoril (1) · Rohypnol (1) · Rozerem (1) · Seconal (1) · Serax (1) · Sonata (1) · Sudafed (IR, 12-hour, 24-hour); many combination products including Claritin-D, Allegra-D, Zyrtec-D, Mucinex-D (1) · THIP (1) · Tranxene (1) · Versed (1) · Xanax (1) · Xyrem (1)

Research material · Classic Psychedelic · Stimulant · Opioid · Sedative-Hypnotic · Phenethylamine · Tryptamine · Benzodiazepine · Botanical · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] · Dissociative · Anticonvulsant · Antidepressant · Plant Medicine · Analgesic · Antiparkinsonian · Antipsychotic · Empathogen · Neuroleptic · Cathinone

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None (3) · Extremely potent GABAA positive allosteric modulator (1) · GABA-A positive allosteric modulator'"`UNIQ--ref-00000067-QINU`"' '"`UNIQ--vote-00000068-QINU`"' (1) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (19) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (non-benzodiazepine) (3) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator; low sedation (1) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator; prodrug of desmethyldiazepam (1) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator; very long half-life (1) · GABAA potentiator (1) · GABAA potentiator and direct activator (2) · GABAB agonist; GHB receptor agonist (1) · Melatonin receptor agonist (2) · Positive allosteric modulator of the GABA_A receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl⁻ channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1) · Selective GABAA agonist (extrasynaptic delta subunit) (1)

None (35) · No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000018-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000069-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000006A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000006B-QINU`"' (1)

None (35) · 0.25 mg (1) · IR: 60 mg PO every 4-6 hours. 12-hour ER: 120 mg PO every 12 hours. 24-hour ER: 240 mg PO once daily. Pediatric: weight-based (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)

None (35) · 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg tablets (immediate-release and orally disintegrating); 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg extended-release tablets; 1 mg/mL oral concentrate (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1) · IR tablets 30, 60 mg; 12-hour ER tablets 120 mg; 24-hour ER tablets 240 mg; oral liquid; multiple combination products with antihistamines, NSAIDs, or expectorants (1)

None (35) · 10 mg/d (1) · 240 mg/day (1) · N/A (never approved) (1)

None (35) · intranasal; rectal and IV reported. (1) · Oral (3) · sublingual (1)

None (35) · 30-60 min (immediate-release); 1-2 h (extended-release) (1) · 30-60 minutes (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)

None (35) · 4-6 hours (IR); 12-24 hours (ER) (1) · 6 h (immediate-release); ~11 h (extended-release) (1) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1)

None (35) · 11-13 h (immediate-release); 11-16 h (extended-release) (1) · 9-16 hours (pH-dependent: acidic urine shortens, alkaline urine substantially extends)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001B-QINU`"' (1) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1)

None (35) · 80-90% oral (1) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1) · ~90% (oral, low first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"' (1)

None (35) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · Category D'"`UNIQ--ref-0000006C-QINU`"' (1) · Some controversial signal for first-trimester gastroschisis association in observational studies; limited use is generally considered acceptable after the first trimester.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

None (36) · '''[[USLegal:Behind-the-counter|Behind-the-counter]] in US''' under the Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act 2005: purchase restricted to ≤3.6 g/day and ≤9 g/30 days, with photo ID, logbook signature, and quantity logging required. Several states schedule higher than federal (1) · Schedule IV (US) (1)