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Medicines (732)

Medicines > classes

: Cathinone

or Empathogen

or [[:Category:Antihyperglycemic_agents|Antihyperglycemic agent]]

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3-MMC (1) · 4-FA (1) · 5-APB (1) · 5-MAPB (1) · 6-APB (1) · 6-APDB (1) · Butylone (1) · Cathinone (1) · Dapagliflozin (1) · Empagliflozin (1) · Ephylone (1) · Ethcathinone (1) · Ethylone (1) · Glimepiride (1) · Glipizide (1) · Hexedrone (1) · Linagliptin (1) · MDA (1) · MDAI (1) · MDEA (1) · MDMA (1) · Mephedrone (1) · Metformin (1) · Methcathinone (1) · Methylone (1) · Mexedrone (1) · N-Ethylhexedrone (1) · N-Ethylpentedrone (1) · Pentedrone (1) · Pioglitazone (1) · PMA (1) · PMMA (1) · Sitagliptin (1)

None (25) · Actos (1) · Amaryl (1) · Farxiga (US), Forxiga (international) (1) · Glucophage, Glucophage XR, Fortamet, Glumetza, Riomet (1) · Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL (1) · Januvia; with metformin Janumet/Janumet XR (1) · Jardiance (1) · Tradjenta; with metformin Jentadueto (1)

None (5) · Cathinone analogue; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (2) · MAO inhibitor; monoamine releasing agent (1) · MAO inhibitor; serotonin releasing agent (1) · Monoamine releasing agent (5) · Monoamine releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Monoamine releasing agent; active ingredient in khat (1) · Monoamine releasing agent; serotonergic at higher doses (1) · Norepinephrine and dopamine releasing agent (1) · Norepinephrine/dopamine releasing agent (1) · Norepinephrine/dopamine reuptake inhibitor (1) · Serotonin releasing agent (2) · Serotonin releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist (3) · Serotonin releasing agent; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (1) · Serotonin/dopamine/norepinephrine releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Serotonin/norepinephrine/dopamine releasing agent (3) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000013-QINU`"' Does not stimulate insulin secretion; minimal hypoglycemia risk as monotherapy. Cleared renally unchanged; dose-adjust by eGFR'"`UNIQ--ref-00000014-QINU`"'. Rare lactic acidosis primarily in renal failure or acute illness. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000002D7-QINU`"' Hypoglycemia is the central risk, especially in elderly and renally impaired patients (glipizide has shorter half-life than glyburide, which is one reason it is preferred in older adults). CYP2C9 substrate; weight gain typical. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000762-QINU`"' Largely renally cleared, hence the eGFR-tiered dosing. Rare but well-documented signals: acute pancreatitis (uncertain causal contribution), severe joint pain, and bullous pemphigoid (class effect, especially in older Asian patients)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000763-QINU`"'. (1)

None (25) · 1-2 mg PO once daily with breakfast; titrate by glycemic response (1) · 10 mg PO once daily in the morning; 5 mg starting in heart failure (1) · 10 mg PO once daily in the morning; may titrate to 25 mg for additional glycemic effect (1) · 100 mg PO once daily (50 mg if CrCl 30-44; 25 mg if <30 or dialysis) (1) · 15-30 mg PO once daily; titrate to 45 mg (1) · 5 mg PO once daily (no renal dose adjustment, unlike sitagliptin) (1) · 5 mg PO once daily, 30 minutes before breakfast; XL: 5 mg with breakfast (1) · 500 mg PO once or twice daily with meals; titrate weekly to limit GI effects (1)

None (25) · 1 mg, 2 mg, 4 mg tablets (1) · 10 mg, 25 mg tablets (1) · 15, 30, 45 mg tablets (1) · 25, 50, 100 mg tablets; combination tablets with metformin (1) · 5 mg tablets; combination with metformin (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg immediate-release tablets; 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg extended-release tablets (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg tablets (1) · 500 mg, 850 mg, 1000 mg IR tablets; 500 mg, 750 mg, 1000 mg ER tablets; 500 mg/5 mL oral solution (1)

None (25) · 10 mg/d (1) · 100 mg/d (1) · 25 mg/d (1) · 2550 mg/d (IR); 2000 mg/d (ER) (1) · 40 mg/d (IR; doses >15 mg given as divided BID); 20 mg/d (XL) (1) · 45 mg/d (1) · 5 mg/d (1) · 8 mg/d (1)

None (25) · Oral (8)

None (25) · 1-2 hours (1) · Glucose lowering within days; HbA1c effect at 8-12 weeks (1) · Glycosuria within hours; HbA1c effect at 12 weeks; cardiovascular and renal benefits over months (1) · Glycosuria within hours; HbA1c effect at 12 weeks; CV/renal benefits over months (1) · HbA1c effect at 12-16 weeks (slower than other classes) (1) · Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks (2) · Within 30 minutes (IR) (1)

None (25) · 24 hours (6) · ~12 hours (IR); 24 hours (ER) (1) · ~12-24 hours (1)

None (25) · 2-5 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000002D9-QINU`"' (1) · 6.2 hours (plasma); ~17 hours in erythrocytes'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"' (1) · ~12 hours (effective); terminal much longer'"`UNIQ--ref-0000117C-QINU`"' (1) · ~12.4 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000027C-QINU`"' (1) · ~12.4 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000765-QINU`"' (1) · ~12.9 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000552-QINU`"' (1) · ~3-7 hours (parent); 16-24 hours including active metabolites'"`UNIQ--ref-00000824-QINU`"' (1) · ~5-9 hours (parent and active metabolites combined)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000492-QINU`"' (1)

None (25) · 50-60% (oral; decreased with food, but food given anyway for GI tolerance)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000019-QINU`"' (1) · High (oral; absorption not affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000825-QINU`"' (1) · High (oral; not affected by food, but typically given with the morning meal)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000027D-QINU`"' (1) · ~100% (oral; food delays absorption, hence pre-meal dosing for IR)'"`UNIQ--ref-000002DA-QINU`"' (1) · ~100% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000493-QINU`"' (1) · ~30% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000117D-QINU`"' (1) · ~78% (oral; high-fat meal modestly reduces but is not clinically significant)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000553-QINU`"' (1) · ~87% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000766-QINU`"' (1)

None (25) · Avoid in second and third trimesters; fetal SGLT2 inhibition disrupts kidney development.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (2) · Avoid; switch to insulin. Hypoglycemia in newborn reported.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Avoid; switch to insulin. Neonatal hypoglycemia reported.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Generally considered safe; widely used in PCOS and gestational diabetes; placental transfer occurs.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Limited data; switch to insulin where feasible.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (3)

None (25) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (7) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries a '''Boxed Warning''' for heart failure (do not initiate in NYHA III/IV; can precipitate or worsen HF in any patient)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000826-QINU`"' (1)