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Medicines > classes

: Cathinone

or Sedative-hypnotic

or [[:Category:Opioid_analgesics|Opioid analgesic]]

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None (23) · (none, never marketed) (1) · Dalmane (1) · Doral (1) · Doriden (1) · Halcion (1) · Hetlioz (1) · Imovane (1) · Lunesta (1) · Mogadon (1) · Nembutal (1) · Percocet, Endocet, Roxicet, Tylox, Primlev (1) · Percodan (1) · Placidyl (1) · ProSom (1) · Quaalude (1) · Restoril (1) · Rohypnol (1) · Rozerem (1) · Seconal (1) · Sonata (1) · THIP (1) · Versed (1) · Xyrem (1)

None (2) · Cathinone analogue; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (2) · Extremely potent GABAA positive allosteric modulator (1) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (15) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (non-benzodiazepine) (3) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator; very long half-life (1) · GABAA potentiator (1) · GABAA potentiator and direct activator (2) · GABAB agonist; GHB receptor agonist (1) · Melatonin receptor agonist (2) · Monoamine releasing agent (4) · Monoamine releasing agent; active ingredient in khat (1) · Norepinephrine and dopamine releasing agent (1) · Norepinephrine/dopamine releasing agent (1) · Norepinephrine/dopamine reuptake inhibitor (1) · Positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl− channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1) · Selective GABAA agonist (extrasynaptic delta subunit) (1) · Serotonin releasing agent; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (1) · Serotonin/norepinephrine/dopamine releasing agent (3) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000014DD-QINU`"' The combination is the most-prescribed opioid analgesic in the US for moderate-to-severe acute pain. CPIC PGx guidance addresses CYP2D6-driven exposure variation'"`UNIQ--ref-000014DE-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000014F7-QINU`"' Falling out of favor for acute pain due to aspirin's GI bleeding and antiplatelet effects compared with acetaminophen-opioid combinations; still used in selected indications'"`UNIQ--ref-000014F8-QINU`"'. (1)

None (43) · No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000014DF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000014E0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000014E1-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000014F9-QINU`"' (1)

None (43) · 1 tablet (4.8355 mg oxycodone / 325 mg aspirin) PO every 6 hours as needed (1) · 5 mg / 325 mg PO every 4-6 hours as needed; total acetaminophen <3 g/d (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)

None (43) · 4.8355 mg oxycodone / 325 mg aspirin tablets (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1) · Oxycodone/acetaminophen 2.5/325, 5/325, 7.5/325, 10/325 mg tablets; 5/325 mg/5 mL solution (1)

None (43) · Acetaminophen 4 g/d absolute (3 g/d conservative); oxycodone titrated to effect (1) · Aspirin GI/bleeding-limited; oxycodone titrated to effect (1) · N/A (never approved) (1)

None (43) · intranasal; rectal and IV reported. (1) · Oral (3) · sublingual (1)

None (43) · 10-30 minutes (1) · 15-30 minutes (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)

None (43) · 4-6 hours (2) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1)

None (43) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1) · Oxycodone 3-5 hours; acetaminophen 1-3 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000014E2-QINU`"' (1) · Oxycodone 3-5 hours; aspirin (acetyl group) 15-20 minutes, salicylate 2-3 hours at therapeutic doses'"`UNIQ--ref-000014FA-QINU`"' (1)

None (43) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1) · Oxycodone 60-87%; aspirin 50-75%'"`UNIQ--ref-000014FB-QINU`"' (1) · ~60-87% oxycodone (high and predictable, less CYP-genotype-dependent than codeine or hydrocodone); 85-98% acetaminophen'"`UNIQ--ref-000014E3-QINU`"' (1)

None (43) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · Avoid; aspirin teratogenicity concerns plus opioid neonatal withdrawal.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Limited use in pregnancy; chronic third-trimester opioid exposure produces neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome and respiratory depression at delivery.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1)

None (44) · [[USLegal:Schedule II|Schedule II controlled substance]] in US (1) · [[USLegal:Schedule II|Schedule II controlled substance]] in US. Acetaminophen content limited to ≤325 mg per dosage unit (FDA 2014) (1)

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