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Medicines > classes : Classic Psychedelic or Sedative-Hypnotic or [[:Category:Microtubule_inhibitors|Microtubule inhibitor]]

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generic:
brand:
None (78) · (none, never marketed) (1) · Colcrys, Mitigare, Gloperba, Lodoco (low-dose cardiovascular) (1) · Dalmane (1) · Delysid (historical, Sandoz, withdrawn 1965) (1) · Doral (1) · Doriden (1) · Halcion (1) · Hetlioz (1) · Imovane (1) · Lunesta (1) · Mogadon (1) · Nembutal (1) · Placidyl (1) · ProSom (1) · Quaalude (1) · Restoril (1) · Rohypnol (1) · Rozerem (1) · Seconal (1) · Sonata (1) · THIP (1) · Versed (1) · Xyrem (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
5-HT2A agonist (26) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (15) · Potent 5-HT2A agonist (5) · LSD analogue; 5-HT2A agonist (4) · Prodrug of LSD; 5-HT2A agonist (4) · None (3) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (non-benzodiazepine) (3) · Contains LSA (2) · Contains mescaline (2) · GABAA potentiator and direct activator (2) · Melatonin receptor agonist (2)
uses:
None (99) · No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000C6D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000C6E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000C6F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000C70-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000C71-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (99) · Acute gout: 1.2 mg PO at first symptom, then 0.6 mg 1 hour later (total 1.8 mg in 1 hour, the FDA-revised regimen); prophylaxis 0.6 mg PO daily or BID; FMF 1-2 mg/d; pericarditis 0.5-0.6 mg BID for 3 months; Lodoco 0.5 mg PO daily for CV risk reduction (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)
preparations:
None (99) · 0.6 mg tablets; 0.6 mg/5 mL solution; 0.5 mg tablets (Lodoco) (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1)
fda max:
None (99) · 1.8 mg in any 1-hour period (acute gout); 1.2 mg/d (prophylaxis with renal/hepatic impairment); much lower with strong CYP3A4 or P-gp inhibitors (1) · N/A (never approved) (1)
routes:
None (98) · intranasal; rectal and IV reported. (1) · Oral (2) · Oral (IV form withdrawn US 2009 due to fatal toxicity reports) (1) · sublingual (1)
onset:
None (98) · 30–60 minutes (1) · Anti-inflammatory effect within 24 hours of gout flare onset; loses effectiveness if delayed (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)
duration:
None (98) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1) · 8–12 hours (1) · Hours per dose (1)
halflife:
None (98) · 3–5 hours (1) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1) · ~27-31 hours; markedly prolonged in renal/hepatic impairment and with CYP3A4 or P-gp inhibitors'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C72-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
None (98) · 70–90% (oral) (1) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1) · ~45% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C73-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
None (98) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · Not established (1) · Used in FMF in pregnancy; otherwise weigh against alternatives.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)
legal:
None (99) · Schedule I (United States) (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1)

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