Drilldown: Medicines

2-FDCK (1) · 3-HO-PCE (1) · 3-HO-PCP (1) · 3-MeO-PCE (1) · 3-MeO-PCP (1) · 4-MeO-PCP (1) · Betel (1) · Black Drink (1) · Chocolate (1) · Coca (1) · Deschloroketamine (1) · Dextromethorphan (1) · Dextrorphan (1) · Diphenidine (1) · Ephenidine (1) · Eticyclidine (1) · Guarana (1) · Ibogaine (1) · Kola (1) · Methoxetamine (1) · Nitrous oxide (1) · O-PCE (1) · Salvia divinorum (1) · Salvinorin A (1) · Xenon (1) · Yerba mate (1)

None (17) · ''Areca catechu'' (the nut); ''Piper betle'' (the leaf) (1) · ''Cola nitida'', ''Cola acuminata'' (1) · ''Erythroxylum coca'', ''E. novogranatense'' (1) · ''Ilex paraguariensis'' (1) · ''Ilex vomitoria'' (1) · ''Paullinia cupana'' (1) · ''Theobroma cacao'' (1) · DXM (1) · DXO (1)

Research material · Classic Psychedelic · Stimulant · Opioid · Sedative-Hypnotic · Phenethylamine · Tryptamine · Benzodiazepine · Botanical · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] · Dissociative · Anticonvulsant · Antidepressant · Plant Medicine · Analgesic · Antipsychotic · Antiparkinsonian · Empathogen · Neuroleptic · Cathinone

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Active metabolite of DXM; NMDA antagonist (1) · Caffeine (1.5–2%) + theobromine + kolanin (a glycoside). (1) · Caffeine (highest of the ''Ilex'' genus) plus saponins that produce ritual vomiting at high doses. (1) · Caffeine (sometimes called 'mateine' historically, though chemically identical), theobromine, theophylline, plus polyphenols. (1) · Contains salvinorin A (1) · Highest natural caffeine content of any plant (2–7% by dry weight, ~2–4× coffee). Caffeine is bound to tannins, producing a slower release than pure coffee caffeine. (1) · Kappa-opioid agonist; NMDA antagonist; SERT/DAT/NET inhibitor (1) · Kappa-opioid receptor agonist (1) · NMDA antagonist (3) · NMDA antagonist; endogenous opioid releaser (1) · NMDA antagonist; fluorinated ketamine analogue (1) · NMDA antagonist; kappa-opioid agonist (1) · NMDA antagonist; ketamine analogue (1) · NMDA antagonist; more stimulating than PCP (1) · NMDA antagonist; opioid agonist (1) · NMDA antagonist; potent opioid agonist (1) · NMDA antagonist; SERT inhibitor; sigma-1 agonist (1) · NMDA antagonist; sigma receptor agonist (2) · NMDA antagonist; sigma receptor agonist; dopaminergic (1) · NMDA antagonist; sigma-1 agonist; serotonin reuptake inhibitor (1) · Primary alkaloid is arecoline, a muscarinic agonist (M1, M2, M3, M4) and partial agonist at nicotinic receptors. Produces alertness, salivation, sweating, mild euphoria. (1) · Primary alkaloid is cocaine, a tropane that blocks reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine (and serotonin). At low oral doses from leaf chewing, the slow release favors NE-mediated alertness over DA-mediated euphoria. (1) · Primary alkaloid is theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine), with minor caffeine. Also contains phenethylamine, anandamide (an endogenous cannabinoid), tryptophan (serotonin precursor), and flavanols. The combined effect is mild stimulation + mood elevation. (1)

None (19) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000008-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000009-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000000C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000000D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000000E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000000F-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000065-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000000AD-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000AE-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000003A0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003A1-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000069B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000069C-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000081E-QINU`"' (1)

None · ~10 units SC at the same time daily, or 0.1-0.2 units/kg/d; titrate by fasting glucose · '''5 mg PO at bedtime for women, 5-10 mg for men''' (per FDA's 2013 sex-specific dose reduction for women due to slower clearance). Ambien CR 6.25 mg women / 6.25-12.5 mg men. Intermezzo SL 1.75 mg women / 3.5 mg men · 0.25 mg · 0.4 mg PO daily (general prevention); 0.8-1 mg/d in pregnancy; 4 mg/d for women with prior NTD-affected pregnancy; 1 mg/d during methotrexate therapy · 0.4 mg PO once daily, 30 minutes after the same meal each day · 0.5 mg PO once daily · 0.5-1 mg PO/IV once or twice daily; titrate to clinical response. Approximate equipotency: bumetanide 1 mg ≈ furosemide 40 mg ≈ torsemide 20 mg · 0.5-2 mg/kg/d divided or single morning dose for acute conditions; lowest effective dose for chronic conditions, with planned taper · 0.5-3 mg PO 30-60 minutes before bedtime. Some patients respond to micro-doses (0.3 mg) without additional benefit at higher doses. For circadian phase shifting, timing relative to dim-light melatonin onset matters more than absolute dose · 0.5–1 oz (10–30 g) ground for psychoactive effect; far smaller for culinary use · 0.75 mg SC weekly'"`UNIQ--ref-00000053-QINU`"' · 1 capsule (20/10 mg dextromethorphan/quinidine) PO once daily × 7 days, then 1 capsule BID · 1 drop in affected eye(s) TID (monotherapy); BID with timolol (Cosopt) · 1 drop in the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening · 1 drop in the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening (Lumigan); Latisse applied to upper lash line at bedtime · 1 g PO QID on an empty stomach (1 hour before meals and at bedtime); 1 g BID for maintenance · 1 mg at bedtime (PTSD nightmares); 1 mg BID–TID (HTN) · 1 mg PO at bedtime to limit first-dose syncope; titrate weekly to 5-10 mg · 1 mg PO once daily

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None (19) · A ''betel quid'': areca nut slice + betel leaf + slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) ± tobacco ± spices, chewed (1) · Dried leaves and twigs, infused in a gourd (''mate'') and drunk through a metal straw (''bombilla'') (1) · Fermented and roasted seeds, ground. Mexican tradition: drunk with chili, cornmeal, achiote. European tradition: with sugar and milk (1) · Fresh nuts chewed; also dried and powdered (1) · Leaves chewed with a pinch of slaked lime (the lime converts cocaine HCl to freebase for buccal absorption); also drunk as tea (''mate de coca'') (1) · Roasted seeds ground to powder, mixed with water; commercial syrups and energy drinks (1) · Toasted leaves and twigs decocted to a near-black concentrate (1)

None (26)

None (19) · buccal); refined cocaine has its own profile (1) · Oral (5) · Oral (buccal) (1) · Oral (leaf (1)

None (26)

None (26)

None (26)

None (26)

None (26)

None (25) · Leaves legal in Bolivia, Peru, Colombia; cocaine internationally controlled (1)