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Drilldown: Medicines

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Medicines > classes : Dissociative or NDRI or Phenethylamine

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generic:
brand:
None (42) · DXM (1) · DXO (1) · Focalin, Focalin XR (1) · Nexus, Eroxan (historical, late-1980s through mid-1990s) (1) · Ritalin, Ritalin LA, Concerta, Metadate CD, Daytrana, Quillivant XR (1) · Spravato (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
None (1) · 5-HT2A agonist (12) · 5-HT2A agonist; long duration (1) · 5-HT2A agonist; MAO inhibitor (1) · 5-HT2A agonist; milder than other 2C-x (1) · 5-HT2A partial agonist (1) · Active metabolite of DXM; NMDA antagonist (1) · Contains salvinorin A (1) · Extremely potent 5-HT2A agonist; vasoconstrictor (1) · Extremely potent 5-HT2A agonist; very long duration (1) · Kappa-opioid agonist; NMDA antagonist; SERT/DAT/NET inhibitor (1) · Kappa-opioid receptor agonist (1) · NMDA antagonist (3) · NMDA antagonist; endogenous opioid releaser (1) · NMDA antagonist; fluorinated ketamine analogue (1) · NMDA antagonist; kappa-opioid agonist (1) · NMDA antagonist; ketamine analogue (1) · NMDA antagonist; more stimulating than PCP (1) · NMDA antagonist; opioid agonist (1) · NMDA antagonist; potent opioid agonist (1) · NMDA antagonist; SERT inhibitor; sigma-1 agonist (1) · NMDA antagonist; sigma receptor agonist (2) · NMDA antagonist; sigma receptor agonist; dopaminergic (1) · NMDA antagonist; sigma-1 agonist; serotonin reuptake inhibitor (1) · Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibition (DAT, NET) (1) · Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibition (DAT, NET), d-threo enantiomer of methylphenidate (1) · Potent 5-HT2A agonist (5) · Potent 5-HT2A agonist; no oral activity (1) · Potent 5-HT2A agonist; very long duration (1) · Very potent 5-HT2A agonist; long duration (1)
uses:
None (45) · ADHD, narcolepsy (1) · Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in adults, as adjunct to oral antidepressant (FDA-approved March 2019). Depressive symptoms in adults with MDD with acute suicidal ideation or behavior (FDA-approved Aug 2020). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000150-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000151-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (47) · Induction (TRD): 56 mg intranasal twice weekly × 4 weeks. Maintenance: 56-84 mg once weekly × 4 weeks, then 56-84 mg every 1-2 weeks. For acute suicidality: 84 mg twice weekly × 4 weeks. Administered under medical supervision in REMS-certified site. (1)
preparations:
None (47) · 28 mg/device (each dose uses 2 devices) (1)
fda max:
None (47) · 84 mg per session (1)
routes:
None (44) · insufflated (1) · Intranasal (under direct medical supervision) (1) · Oral (3) · PR (1) · transdermal (1)
onset:
None (44) · 20–60 min (oral) (1) · 30–60 min (1) · 45-75 min (oral) (1) · Within hours of first administration (1)
duration:
None (44) · 4-8 h (1) · Acute effect ~24 hours; cumulative effect builds with repeated dosing (1) · IR 3–5 h; LA/SR 6–8 h; Concerta 10–12 h; Daytrana ~9 h wear time (1) · IR 4–6 h; XR 8–12 h (1)
halflife:
None (44) · 2.2 h (IR parent); ~3 h (XR parent) (1) · 2–3 h (parent compound) (1) · Not well characterized (1) · ~7-12 hours (1)
bioavailability:
None (44) · Not well characterized (1) · ~22–25% (1) · ~30% (high first-pass) (1) · ~48% intranasal (1)
pregnancy:
None (44) · Avoid; may cause fetal harm (1) · Category C (1) · Not established (1) · Pregnancy categories were retired by FDA in 2015. Limited reproductive data with small observational signal for cardiac malformations; risk-benefit decision, with many patients deferring ADHD treatment during pregnancy. See pregnancy_details for the full discussion. (1)
legal:
None (44) · Rx, Schedule III (US). REMS program required. (1) · Schedule II (2) · [[USLegal:DEA Schedule I|Schedule I]] (United States) (1)

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