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Medicines > classes : Empathogen or Triazolobenzodiazepine or Tryptamine

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generic:
brand:
None (42) · (none, never marketed) (1) · Xanax (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
5-HT2A agonist (15) · 5-HT2A agonist; 5-HT3 antagonist (1) · 5-HT2A agonist; minor psilocybin mushroom alkaloid (1) · 5-HT2A agonist; primarily auditory effects (1) · 5-HT2A agonist; sigma-1 agonist (1) · GABA-A positive allosteric modulator'"`UNIQ--ref-00000067-QINU`"' '"`UNIQ--vote-00000068-QINU`"' (1) · MAO inhibitor; monoamine releasing agent (1) · MAO inhibitor; serotonin releasing agent (1) · Monoamine releasing agent (3) · Monoamine releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Monoamine releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist; MAO inhibitor (1) · Monoamine releasing agent; serotonergic at higher doses (1) · Positive allosteric modulator of the GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl<sup>−</sup> channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1) · Potent 5-HT2A agonist; sigma-1 agonist (1) · Prodrug of 4-HO-DET; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Prodrug of 4-HO-DiPT; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Prodrug of 4-HO-MET; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Prodrug of 4-HO-MiPT; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Prodrug of psilocin; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Serotonin releasing agent (2) · Serotonin releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist (3) · Serotonin/dopamine/norepinephrine releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Serotonin/norepinephrine/dopamine releasing agent (3)
uses:
None (42) · No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000069-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000006A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000006B-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (42) · 0.25 mg (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)
preparations:
None (42) · 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg tablets (immediate-release and orally disintegrating); 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg extended-release tablets; 1 mg/mL oral concentrate (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1)
fda max:
None (42) · 10 mg/d (1) · N/A (never approved) (1)
routes:
None (42) · intranasal; rectal and IV reported. (1) · Oral (2) · sublingual (1)
onset:
None (42) · 30-60 min (immediate-release); 1-2 h (extended-release) (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)
duration:
None (42) · 6 h (immediate-release); ~11 h (extended-release) (1) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1)
halflife:
None (42) · 11-13 h (immediate-release); 11-16 h (extended-release) (1) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1)
bioavailability:
None (42) · 80-90% oral (1) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1)
pregnancy:
None (42) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · Category D'"`UNIQ--ref-0000006C-QINU`"' (1)
legal:
None (43) · Schedule IV (US) (1)

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