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Drilldown: Medicines

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Medicines > classes : Empathogenica or Sedative-hypnotic & routes: Oral

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generic:
Bromazolam (1) · Nutmeg (1)
brand:
''Myristica fragrans''. Mace (the fruit aril) (1) · (none, never marketed) (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
Active oils are myristicin, elemicin, and safrole, phenethylamine precursors that may be aminated in vivo to MMDA, TMA, and MDA respectively (Shulgin's 'essential amphetamines' hypothesis). (1) · Positive allosteric modulator of the GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl<sup>−</sup> channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1)
uses:
No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000006-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
0.5–1 oz (10–30 g) ground for psychoactive effect; far smaller for culinary use (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)
preparations:
Ground dried seed (nutmeg) or fruit aril (mace); occasionally infused (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1)
fda max:
None (1) · N/A (never approved) (1)
routes: (Click arrow to add another value)
onset:
Slow, 2–6 h (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)
duration:
12–24 h or longer (1) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1)
halflife:
None (1) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1)
bioavailability:
None (1) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1)
pregnancy:
None (1) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1)
legal:
None (2)

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