Drilldown: Medicines
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generic:
brand:
None (42) ·
''Areca catechu'' (the nut); ''Piper betle'' (the leaf) (1) ·
''Catha edulis''. Chat, qat, the Flower of Paradise (1) ·
''Cola nitida'', ''Cola acuminata'' (1) ·
''Erythroxylum coca'', ''E. novogranatense'' (1) ·
''Ilex paraguariensis'' (1) ·
''Ilex vomitoria'' (1) ·
''Paullinia cupana'' (1) ·
''Theobroma cacao'' (1) ·
Benzedrex (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
Adenosine receptor antagonist (1) ·
Adenosine receptor antagonist; dopaminergic (1) ·
Adenosine receptor antagonist; phosphodiesterase inhibitor (1) ·
Alpha-adrenergic agonist; monoamine releaser (1) ·
Alpha-methylated amphetamine analogue; norepinephrine releasing agent (1) ·
AMPA modulator; catecholaminergic (1) ·
Caffeine (1.5–2%) + theobromine + kolanin (a glycoside). (1) ·
Caffeine (highest of the ''Ilex'' genus) plus saponins that produce ritual vomiting at high doses. (1) ·
Caffeine (sometimes called 'mateine' historically, though chemically identical), theobromine, theophylline, plus polyphenols. (1) ·
Cathinone analogue; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (2) ·
Dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2) ·
Dopamine and serotonin reuptake inhibitor; actoprotector (1) ·
Dopamine reuptake inhibitor; tropane analogue (1) ·
Dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (5) ·
Highest natural caffeine content of any plant (2–7% by dry weight, ~2–4× coffee). Caffeine is bound to tannins, producing a slower release than pure coffee caffeine. (1) ·
Indirect sympathomimetic; norepinephrine releaser (1) ·
Monoamine releasing agent (8) ·
Monoamine releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist; MAO inhibitor (1) ·
Monoamine releasing agent; active ingredient in khat (1) ·
Monoamine releasing agent; serotonergic at higher doses (1) ·
Monoamine reuptake inhibitor; sodium channel blocker (1) ·
N-methyl analogue of 2-AI (1) ·
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist (1) ·
Norepinephrine and dopamine releasing agent (1) ·
Norepinephrine releaser (1) ·
Norepinephrine/dopamine releasing agent (1) ·
Norepinephrine/dopamine reuptake inhibitor (1) ·
Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (2) ·
Potent dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (1) ·
Potent dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (1) ·
Primary alkaloid is (S)-(-)-cathinone, a phenylpropanolamine close kin to amphetamine. Releases dopamine and norepinephrine. Also contains cathine (=norpseudoephedrine) and norephedrine. (1) ·
Primary alkaloid is arecoline, a muscarinic agonist (M1, M2, M3, M4) and partial agonist at nicotinic receptors. Produces alertness, salivation, sweating, mild euphoria. (1) ·
Primary alkaloid is cocaine, a tropane that blocks reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine (and serotonin). At low oral doses from leaf chewing, the slow release favors NE-mediated alertness over DA-mediated euphoria. (1) ·
Primary alkaloid is theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine), with minor caffeine. Also contains phenethylamine, anandamide (an endogenous cannabinoid), tryptophan (serotonin precursor), and flavanols. The combined effect is mild stimulation + mood elevation. (1) ·
Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (1) ·
Serotonin releasing agent; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (1) ·
Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonist; monoamine releaser (1)
uses:
None (43) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000008-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000009-QINU`"' (2) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000000C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000000D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000000E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000000F-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000065-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000000AD-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000AE-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000003A0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003A1-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000069B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000069C-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000081E-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
preparations:
None (43) ·
A ''betel quid'': areca nut slice + betel leaf + slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) ± tobacco ± spices, chewed (1) ·
Dried leaves and twigs, infused in a gourd (''mate'') and drunk through a metal straw (''bombilla'') (1) ·
Fermented and roasted seeds, ground. Mexican tradition: drunk with chili, cornmeal, achiote. European tradition: with sugar and milk (1) ·
Fresh leaves and tender twigs chewed; degrades on drying (1) ·
Fresh nuts chewed; also dried and powdered (1) ·
Leaves chewed with a pinch of slaked lime (the lime converts cocaine HCl to freebase for buccal absorption); also drunk as tea (''mate de coca'') (1) ·
Roasted seeds ground to powder, mixed with water; commercial syrups and energy drinks (1) ·
Toasted leaves and twigs decocted to a near-black concentrate (1)
fda max:
routes:
onset:
halflife: (Click arrow to add another value)
bioavailability:
pregnancy:
Showing below up to 51 results in range #1 to #51.