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Medicines > classes : Phantastica or Sedative-Hypnotic or Stimulant

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generic:
brand:
None (51) · ''Mimosa tenuiflora''. Jurema preta, tepescohuite (1) · ''Sophora secundiflora''. Texas mountain laurel, frijolillo (1) · (none, never marketed) (1) · Benzedrex (1) · Dalmane (1) · Doral (1) · Doriden (1) · Halcion (1) · Hetlioz (1) · Imovane (1) · Lunesta (1) · Mogadon (1) · Nembutal (1) · Placidyl (1) · ProSom (1) · Quaalude (1) · Reed canary grass (1) · Restoril (1) · Rohypnol (1) · Rozerem (1) · Seconal (1) · Sonata (1) · Sonoran Desert Toad, Colorado River Toad (1) · The ayahuasca vine, ''yagé'', ''caapi'', ''mariri'' (1) · THIP (1) · Versed (1) · Xyrem (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
GABAA positive allosteric modulator (15) · Monoamine releasing agent (8) · Dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (5) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (non-benzodiazepine) (3) · None (2) · Cathinone analogue; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (2) · Dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2) · GABAA potentiator and direct activator (2) · Melatonin receptor agonist (2) · Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (2)
uses:
None (72) · No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000006-QINU`"' (3) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000008-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000009-QINU`"' (2)
starting dose:
None (77) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)
preparations:
None (72) · Acid/base extraction of fresh young grass for tryptamines; combined with an MAOI (1) · Bark/woody stem decocted with a DMT-source plant (''Psychotria viridis'', ''Diplopterys cabrerana'') to make ayahuasca (1) · Bright red seeds, traditionally ingested or smoked. Highly toxic, narrow margin between active and lethal (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1) · Parotid-gland venom expressed onto a glass plate, dried into a shellac-like resin, vaporized and inhaled (1) · Root bark acid/base-extracted for DMT; or as the resurrected ''jurema preta'' brew (decocted with an MAOI such as ''Peganum harmala'') (1)
fda max:
None (77) · N/A (never approved) (1)
routes:
None (72) · Inhalation (vaporized) (1) · intranasal; rectal and IV reported. (1) · Oral (3) · Oral (with MAOI) (2) · smoked (extracted DMT) (1) · sublingual (1)
onset:
None (76) · Seconds (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)
duration:
None (76) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1) · ~15 min (1)
halflife:
None (77) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1)
bioavailability:
None (77) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1)
pregnancy:
None (77) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1)
legal:
None (77) · 5-MeO-DMT is Schedule I in US (since 2011); the toad itself is protected in several southwestern states (1)

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