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Medicines > classes : Phenethylamine or Stimulant or [[:Category:Melatonin receptor agonists|Melatonin receptor agonist]]

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generic:
brand:
None (67) · Benzedrex (1) · Multiple OTC dietary supplement formulations (1) · Nexus, Eroxan (historical, late-1980s through mid-1990s) (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
5-HT2A agonist (12) · Monoamine releasing agent (8) · Dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (5) · Potent 5-HT2A agonist (5) · Cathinone analogue; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (2) · Dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2) · Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (2)
uses:
None (69) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (69) · 0.5-3 mg PO 30-60 minutes before bedtime. Some patients respond to micro-doses (0.3 mg) without additional benefit at higher doses. For circadian phase shifting, timing relative to dim-light melatonin onset matters more than absolute dose (1)
preparations:
None (69) · OTC tablets, sublingual tablets, gummies, liquid, extended-release tablets and capsules; common strengths 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 10 mg (1)
fda max:
None (69) · Not formally established (dietary supplement); doses above ~3-5 mg show no additional efficacy but increase next-day sedation risk (1)
routes:
None (68) · insufflated (1) · Oral (2) · PR (1) · sublingual (1)
onset:
None (68) · 30-60 minutes (immediate-release oral) (1) · 45-75 min (oral) (1)
duration:
None (68) · 3-4 hours (1) · 4-8 h (1)
halflife:
None (68) · 30-50 minutes (short)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"' (1) · Not well characterized (1)
bioavailability:
None (68) · Not well characterized (1) · ~15% (oral; highly variable due to extensive and variable first-pass metabolism)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
None (68) · Limited human data; endogenous hormone, but supplemental pharmacological doses are not well characterized in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Not established (1)
legal:
None (68) · [[USLegal:DEA Schedule I|Schedule I]] (United States) (1) · [[USLegal:Over-the-counter|OTC]] dietary supplement in the US ('''not FDA-regulated as a medicine'''; multiple studies show OTC products contain 50-470% of labeled melatonin content); [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in the EU and UK (1)

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