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Medicines (732)

Medicines > classes

: Research material

or [[:Category:Biguanides|Biguanide]]

& routes: Oral

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Bromazolam (1) · Metformin (1)

(none, never marketed) (1) · Glucophage, Glucophage XR, Fortamet, Glumetza, Riomet (1)

Positive allosteric modulator of the GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl<sup>−</sup> channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000013-QINU`"' Does not stimulate insulin secretion; minimal hypoglycemia risk as monotherapy. Cleared renally unchanged; dose-adjust by eGFR'"`UNIQ--ref-00000014-QINU`"'. Rare lactic acidosis primarily in renal failure or acute illness. (1)

No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000015-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000016-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"' (1)

500 mg PO once or twice daily with meals; titrate weekly to limit GI effects (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)

500 mg, 850 mg, 1000 mg IR tablets; 500 mg, 750 mg, 1000 mg ER tablets; 500 mg/5 mL oral solution (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1)

2550 mg/d (IR); 2000 mg/d (ER) (1) · N/A (never approved) (1)

Glucose lowering within days; HbA1c effect at 8-12 weeks (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)

6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1) · ~12 hours (IR); 24 hours (ER) (1)

6.2 hours (plasma); ~17 hours in erythrocytes'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"' (1) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1)

50-60% (oral; decreased with food, but food given anyway for GI tolerance)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000019-QINU`"' (1) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1)

Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · Generally considered safe; widely used in PCOS and gestational diabetes; placental transfer occurs.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1)

None (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1)

Showing below up to 2 results in range #1 to #2.

B

Bromazolam

M

Metformin

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