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Medicines > classes : Research material or Tryptamine or [[:Category:BPH_treatments|Benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment]]

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generic:
brand:
None (132) · (none, never marketed) (1) · Avodart; combined with tamsulosin as Jalyn (1) · Cardura, Cardura XL (1) · Flomax (1) · Hytrin (US brand discontinued); mostly generic (1) · O-DSMT (1) · Proscar (5 mg, BPH), Propecia (1 mg, alopecia) (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
5-HT2A agonist (27) · Monoamine releasing agent (9) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (8) · CB1/CB2 agonist (7) · Dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (5) · Potent 5-HT2A agonist (5) · None (4) · LSD analogue; 5-HT2A agonist (4) · Prodrug of LSD; 5-HT2A agonist (4) · Serotonin/norepinephrine/dopamine releasing agent (3) · Cathinone analogue; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (2) · Dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2) · NMDA antagonist (2) · Prodrug of GHB (2)
uses:
None (133) · No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000001BA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000001BB-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000052E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000052F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000530-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000AAD-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000AAE-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000AAF-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D57-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D58-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000111D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000111E-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (133) · 0.4 mg PO once daily, 30 minutes after the same meal each day (1) · 0.5 mg PO once daily (1) · 1 mg PO at bedtime to limit first-dose syncope; titrate weekly to 5-10 mg (1) · 5 mg PO daily for BPH; 1 mg PO daily for androgenetic alopecia (1) · IR 1 mg PO at bedtime, titrate weekly; XL 4-8 mg PO daily (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)
preparations:
None (133) · 0.4 mg capsules (1) · 0.5 mg capsules (1) · 1 mg, 5 mg tablets (1) · 1, 2, 4, 8 mg IR tablets; 4, 8 mg XL tablets (1) · 1, 2, 5, 10 mg capsules and tablets (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1)
fda max:
None (133) · 0.5 mg/d (1) · 0.8 mg/d (rarely needed) (1) · 16 mg/d (IR); 8 mg/d (XL) (1) · 20 mg/d (1) · 5 mg/d (1) · N/A (never approved) (1)
routes:
None (133) · intranasal; rectal and IV reported. (1) · Oral (6) · sublingual (1)
onset:
None (133) · BP and symptomatic LUTS improvement within 1-2 weeks (2) · BPH symptom improvement at 3-6 months; prostate volume reduction over 6-12 months; hair regrowth at 6-12 months (1) · Prostate volume reduction over 6-12 months (1) · Symptom improvement within 1 week; peak effect at 4-6 weeks (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)
duration:
None (133) · 24 hours (4) · 24 hours; tissue effects persist weeks (1) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1)
halflife:
None (133) · 9-15 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000001BC-QINU`"' (1) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1) · ~12 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000111F-QINU`"' (1) · ~22 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AB0-QINU`"' (1) · ~5 weeks (much longer than finasteride's ~6 hours)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D59-QINU`"' (1) · ~5-6 hours in young men, ~8 hours in elderly'"`UNIQ--ref-00000531-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
None (133) · >90% (oral; food slows absorption and reduces peaks, hence the post-meal dosing rule)'"`UNIQ--ref-000001BD-QINU`"' (1) · >90% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001120-QINU`"' (1) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1) · ~60% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D5A-QINU`"' (1) · ~63% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000532-QINU`"' (1) · ~65% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AB1-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
None (133) · '''Pregnant individuals should not handle crushed/broken tablets''' (skin absorption risk); can cause hypospadias in male fetus. Not used in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · '''Pregnant individuals should not handle dutasteride capsules''' (skin absorption risk through intact capsule); can cause hypospadias in male fetus.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · Limited data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Limited data; rarely indicated in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Not applicable (male indication); historical Category B if used in unrelated female cases.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)
legal:
None (134) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (5)

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