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: Sedative-Hypnotic

or [[:Category:Antiarrhythmics|Antiarrhythmic (IV sulfate

& routes: Oral

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Bromazolam (1) · Magnesium (oxide, citrate, sulfate, hydroxide, gluconate, chloride salts) (1)

(none, never marketed) (1) · Mag-Ox, Slow-Mag, MagCitrate, Milk of Magnesia (hydroxide); IV sulfate generic (1)

Positive allosteric modulator of the GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl<sup>−</sup> channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001302-QINU`"' Renally cleared; accumulation in advanced CKD can produce neuromuscular and cardiac depression. Hypomagnesemia frequently co-exists with hypokalemia and is often the reason refractory potassium loss does not correct until magnesium is repleted. (1)

No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001303-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001304-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001305-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001306-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001307-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001308-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001309-QINU`"' (1)

No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1) · Replacement oxide 400-800 mg/d in divided doses (high diarrhea rate); citrate 200-400 mg/d (better tolerated, better absorbed); IV sulfate 1-2 g over 5-60 minutes for hypomagnesemia or torsades; eclampsia 4-6 g IV loading then 1-2 g/h (1)

Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1) · Oxide 400, 500 mg tablets (240, 300 mg elemental); citrate 100, 150, 200 mg tablets; hydroxide oral suspension 400 mg/5 mL; sulfate IV 500 mg/mL ampules (1)

Indication-specific; renal clearance limits tolerable cumulative dosing (1) · N/A (never approved) (1)

Oral: hours; IV: minutes (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)

6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1) · Variable (1)

Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1) · Not meaningfully described (electrolyte; renally cleared) (1)

Highly salt-dependent: citrate ~25-30%; oxide ~4% (limited and causes osmotic diarrhea); chloride ~12% (1) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1)

Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · IV sulfate is the cornerstone of eclampsia/preeclampsia management; oral replacement also safe.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1)

None (1) · OTC (oral salts) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (IV) in US (1)

Showing below up to 2 results in range #1 to #2.

B

Bromazolam

M

Magnesium Salts

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