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Medicines > classes : Sedative-Hypnotic or [[:Category:Thiazide_diuretics|Thiazide diuretic]] & routes: Oral

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generic:
Bromazolam (1) · Hydrochlorothiazide (1)
brand:
(none, never marketed) (1) · Microzide; mostly prescribed generically (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
Positive allosteric modulator of the GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl<sup>−</sup> channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000138-QINU`"' Decreases urinary calcium (used in stone prevention); raises serum uric acid, glucose, and lipids modestly; non-anion-gap hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis is the characteristic electrolyte pattern'"`UNIQ--ref-00000139-QINU`"'. (1)
uses:
No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000013A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000013B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000013C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000013D-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
12.5-25 mg PO once daily (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)
preparations:
12.5 mg capsules; 12.5, 25, 50 mg tablets (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1)
fda max:
50 mg/d (hypertension); up to 200 mg/d (edema) (1) · N/A (never approved) (1)
routes: (Click arrow to add another value)
onset:
Diuresis at 2 hours; antihypertensive effect within days, max at 3-4 weeks (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)
duration:
6-12 hours (1) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1)
halflife:
6-15 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000013E-QINU`"' (1) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1)
bioavailability:
65-75% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000013F-QINU`"' (1) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1)
pregnancy:
None (1) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1)
legal:
None (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1)

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