Drilldown: Medicines

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None (51) · (none, never marketed) (1) · Benzedrex (1) · Clozaril (Novartis, original brand; 25 mg and 100 mg tablets); FazaClo (orally disintegrating tablets, 12.5/25/100/150/200 mg); Versacloz (oral suspension 50 mg/mL); multiple generics. All clozapine products are subject to the same REMS monitoring requirements. (1) · Dalmane (1) · Doral (1) · Doriden (1) · Halcion (1) · Hetlioz (1) · Imovane (1) · Lunesta (1) · Mogadon (1) · Nembutal (1) · Placidyl (1) · ProSom (1) · Quaalude (1) · Restoril (1) · Rohypnol (1) · Rozerem (1) · Seconal (1) · Sonata (1) · THIP (1) · Versed (1) · Xyrem (1)

Research material · Classic Psychedelic · Stimulant · Opioid · Sedative-Hypnotic · Phenethylamine · Tryptamine · Benzodiazepine · Botanical · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] · Dissociative · Anticonvulsant · Antidepressant · Plant Medicine · Analgesic · Antiparkinsonian · Antipsychotic · Empathogen · Neuroleptic · Cathinone

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GABAA positive allosteric modulator (15) · Monoamine releasing agent (8) · Dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (5) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (non-benzodiazepine) (3) · None (2) · Cathinone analogue; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (2) · Dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2) · GABAA potentiator and direct activator (2) · Melatonin receptor agonist (2) · Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (2)

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None (73) · No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1)

None (72) · 12.5 mg PO once or twice daily. Titrate gradually: 25-50 mg/day increments every 1-2 days as tolerated. Target dose 300-450 mg/day in divided doses (BID or TID). Most patients stabilize between 200-600 mg/day. Therapeutic plasma level guide: target trough clozapine ≥350 ng/mL. (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)

None (72) · Clozaril 25 mg and 100 mg tablets; FazaClo orally disintegrating tablets (12.5/25/100/150/200 mg); Versacloz oral suspension 50 mg/mL. All brands subject to identical REMS ANC monitoring requirements. Generic tablets widely available. (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1)

None (72) · 900 mg/day (split into BID or TID dosing). Clinical practice rarely exceeds 600 mg/day; seizure risk increases substantially above 600 mg/day and requires consideration of prophylactic anticonvulsant.'"`UNIQ--ref-0000004A-QINU`"' (1) · N/A (never approved) (1)

None (72) · intranasal; rectal and IV reported. (1) · Oral (1) · Oral only. No parenteral formulation (a major limitation in acute agitation requiring rapid tranquilization). (1) · sublingual (1)

None (72) · Oral peak plasma 2.5 hours. Clinical antipsychotic response typically emerges over weeks with continued titration; full response assessment requires 3-6 months at adequate therapeutic levels. (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)

None (72) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1) · Due to the half-life of 12 hours (wide range), dosing is BID or TID. Once-daily dosing produces higher peak/trough fluctuations and is generally not used except for a single end-of-day dose in stable patients. (1)

None (73) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1)

None (72) · Approximately 50-60% (oral; subject to first-pass metabolism); food does not significantly affect absorption.'"`UNIQ--ref-0000004C-QINU`"' (1) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1)

None (73) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1)

None (74)