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Drilldown: Medicines

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Medicines > classes : Sedative-Hypnotic or Stimulant or gut-restricted)]]

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generic:
brand:
None (51) · (none, never marketed) (1) · Benzedrex (1) · Dalmane (1) · Doral (1) · Doriden (1) · Halcion (1) · Hetlioz (1) · Imodium, Imodium A-D (1) · Imovane (1) · Lunesta (1) · Mogadon (1) · Nembutal (1) · Placidyl (1) · ProSom (1) · Quaalude (1) · Restoril (1) · Rohypnol (1) · Rozerem (1) · Seconal (1) · Sonata (1) · THIP (1) · Versed (1) · Xyrem (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
GABAA positive allosteric modulator (15) · Monoamine releasing agent (8) · Dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (5) · None (3) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (non-benzodiazepine) (3) · Cathinone analogue; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (2) · Dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2) · GABAA potentiator and direct activator (2) · Melatonin receptor agonist (2) · Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (2)
uses:
None (72) · No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000FCF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000FD0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000FD1-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (72) · 4 mg PO initially, then 2 mg after each loose stool, '''not to exceed 16 mg/d''' (8 mg OTC); chronic-use lower (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)
preparations:
None (72) · 2 mg capsules and tablets; 1 mg/5 mL oral solution; combined with simethicone (Imodium Multi-Symptom) (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1)
fda max:
None (72) · 16 mg/d (8 mg/d OTC) (1) · N/A (never approved) (1)
routes:
None (72) · intranasal; rectal and IV reported. (1) · Oral (2) · sublingual (1)
onset:
None (72) · 30-60 minutes (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)
duration:
None (72) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1) · 8-12 hours (1)
halflife:
None (72) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1) · ~9-14 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000FD2-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
None (72) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1) · ~0.3% (oral; extensive first-pass via CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux at the intestinal and blood-brain barriers limit systemic and CNS exposure at therapeutic doses)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000FD3-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
None (72) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · Generally considered acceptable when needed.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)
legal:
None (73) · OTC in US (1)

Showing below up to 74 results in range #1 to #74.

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