Drilldown: Medicines

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None (38) · ''Coffea arabica'', ''Coffea canephora'' (robusta) (1) · (none, never marketed) (1) · Dalmane (1) · Doral (1) · Doriden (1) · Halcion (1) · Hetlioz (1) · Imovane (1) · Lunesta (1) · Mogadon (1) · Nembutal (1) · Placidyl (1) · ProSom (1) · Quaalude (1) · Restoril (1) · Rohypnol (1) · Rozerem (1) · Seconal (1) · Sonata (1) · THIP (1) · Versed (1) · Xyrem (1)

Research material · Classic Psychedelic · Stimulant · Opioid · Sedative-Hypnotic · Phenethylamine · Tryptamine · Benzodiazepine · Botanical · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] · Dissociative · Anticonvulsant · Antidepressant · Plant Medicine · Analgesic · Antipsychotic · Antiparkinsonian · Empathogen · Neuroleptic · Cathinone

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None (2) · 5-HT2A agonist (15) · 5-HT2A agonist; 5-HT3 antagonist (1) · 5-HT2A agonist; minor psilocybin mushroom alkaloid (1) · 5-HT2A agonist; primarily auditory effects (1) · 5-HT2A agonist; sigma-1 agonist (1) · Adenosine receptor antagonist (1) · Adenosine receptor antagonist; dopaminergic (1) · Adenosine receptor antagonist; phosphodiesterase inhibitor (1) · Caffeine is a non-selective adenosine A1/A2A receptor antagonist; also weak PDE inhibition. Beans contain theobromine (3,7-DMX) and theophylline (1,3-DMX) in smaller amounts. (1) · Extremely potent GABAA positive allosteric modulator (1) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (15) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (non-benzodiazepine) (3) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator; very long half-life (1) · GABAA potentiator (1) · GABAA potentiator and direct activator (2) · GABAB agonist; GHB receptor agonist (1) · Melatonin receptor agonist (2) · Monoamine releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist; MAO inhibitor (1) · Positive allosteric modulator of the GABA_A receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl⁻ channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1) · Potent 5-HT2A agonist; sigma-1 agonist (1) · Prodrug of 4-HO-DET; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Prodrug of 4-HO-DiPT; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Prodrug of 4-HO-MET; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Prodrug of 4-HO-MiPT; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Prodrug of psilocin; 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Selective GABAA agonist (extrasynaptic delta subunit) (1)

None (58) · No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000000CF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000D0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000D1-QINU`"' (1)

None (58) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1) · One cup (~80–145 mg caffeine for brewed; 60–100 mg for instant) (1)

None (58) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1) · Roasted beans, ground; brewed (drip, French press, espresso, cold brew, percolated) (1)

None (59) · N/A (never approved) (1)

None (58) · intranasal; rectal and IV reported. (1) · Oral (2) · sublingual (1)

None (58) · ~15–30 min (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)

None (58) · 3–5 h (subjective) (1) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1)

None (58) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1) · ~5 h (caffeine) (1)

None (58) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1) · ~99% (caffeine) (1)

None (58) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · Limit to <200 mg/d (~2 cups brewed) (1)

None (59) · Unrestricted (food) (1)