Drilldown: Medicines

Bromazolam (1) · Phencyclidine (1)

(none, never marketed) (1) · Sernyl (human, withdrawn 1965); Sernylan (veterinary, withdrawn 1978) (1)

Research material · Classic Psychedelic · Stimulant · Opioid · Sedative-Hypnotic · Phenethylamine · Tryptamine · Benzodiazepine · Botanical · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] · Dissociative · Anticonvulsant · Antidepressant · Plant Medicine · Analgesic · Antiparkinsonian · Antipsychotic · Empathogen · Neuroleptic · Cathinone

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None (1) · Positive allosteric modulator of the GABA_A receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl⁻ channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1)

No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000063-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000064-QINU`"' (1)

No current medical indication. Historical anesthetic dose 0.25 mg/kg IV (Sernyl). (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)

Historical: Sernyl 25 mg tablets, 10 mg/mL injection (human); Sernylan 100 mg/mL injection (veterinary). Illicit: white crystalline powder, oily liquid, "dipped" cigarettes ("wet"), tablets. (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1)

N/A (never approved) (1) · N/A (no current medical indication) (1)

None · Oral · IV · topical · IM · intranasal · rectal · Subcutaneous · Topical ophthalmic · ophthalmic · intramuscular · intravenous · transdermal · vaginal · Subcutaneous (abdomen · Sublingual · thigh · Inhaled · SC · intra-articular

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Smoked 2-5 min; insufflated 5-15 min; oral 30-60 min; IV / IM ~5-15 min (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)

4-8 hours typical; longer at high doses; residual cognitive and perceptual effects up to 48 hours (1) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1)

Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1) · Highly variable, 7-46 hours (mean ~21 h); lipophilic deposition in fat with delayed re-release contributes to wide range'"`UNIQ--ref-00000065-QINU`"' (1)

Not formally characterized in humans. (1) · ~72% oral; ~85% smoked'"`UNIQ--ref-00000066-QINU`"' (1)

None (1) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1)

None (1) · [[USLegal:DEA Schedule II|Schedule II]] controlled substance in US (rescheduled from Schedule III in 1978). No accepted medical use. UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances Schedule II internationally.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000067-QINU`"' (1)