Drilldown: Medicines

Bromazolam (1) · Sodium bicarbonate (1)

(none, never marketed) (1) · Neut, many generic; OTC oral: Alka-Seltzer (with aspirin/citric acid), baking soda (1)

Research material · Classic Psychedelic · Stimulant · Opioid · Sedative-Hypnotic · Phenethylamine · Tryptamine · Benzodiazepine · Botanical · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] · Dissociative · Anticonvulsant · Antidepressant · Plant Medicine · Analgesic · Antiparkinsonian · Antipsychotic · Empathogen · Neuroleptic · Cathinone

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Positive allosteric modulator of the GABA_A receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl⁻ channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000016-QINU`"' Bicarbonate is not benign: high-volume use produces hypernatremia, metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia, and (in arrest) paradoxical intracellular acidosis'"`UNIQ--ref-00000017-QINU`"'. (1)

No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000018-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"' (1)

IV: 1 mEq/kg bolus in arrest indication, then titrated to ABG and clinical status; PO: 325-2000 mg up to QID as antacid (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)

4.2%, 7.5%, 8.4% IV (1 mEq/mL at 8.4%); 325, 650 mg oral tablets; bulk powder (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1)

N/A (never approved) (1) · No fixed maximum; titrated to pH and bicarbonate level; chronic high oral doses cause metabolic alkalosis and volume overload (1)

None · Oral · IV · topical · IM · intranasal · rectal · subcutaneous · topical ophthalmic · ophthalmic · intramuscular · intravenous · transdermal · vaginal · Subcutaneous (abdomen · sublingual · thigh · inhaled · SC · intra-articular

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Immediate (IV); within minutes (oral antacid) (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)

6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1) · IV: hours, dependent on ongoing acid load; oral antacid: ~30 minutes (1)

Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1) · Not applicable (electrolyte and buffer) (1)

100% (IV); rapidly neutralized by gastric acid (oral) (1) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1)

Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · Routine antacid and acidosis correction acceptable (1)

None (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] for IV formulations; OTC for oral (1)