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Medicines (732)

Medicines > classes

: Sedative-hypnotic

or [[:Category:Anticholinergics|Anticholinergic]]

& routes: Oral

Use the filters below to narrow your results.

Bromazolam (1) · Diphenhydramine (hydrochloride; citrate) (1)

(none, never marketed) (1) · Benadryl (oral, injectable, topical), Banophen, Sominex (sleep aid), ZzzQuil, Aler-Dryl (1)

Positive allosteric modulator of the GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl<sup>−</sup> channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"' Major Beers-list concern in elderly patients for cognitive and fall risks. CYP2D6 substrate. At massive overdose, also produces sodium channel blockade with cardiac toxicity'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"'. '"`UNIQ--effect-0000001F-QINU`"' (1)

No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"' (1)

Allergy: 25-50 mg PO every 4-6 hours. Insomnia: 25-50 mg PO at bedtime. IV (acute dystonia, severe allergic reaction): 25-50 mg slow IV push (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)

Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1) · Tablets 25, 50 mg; capsules; liquid; chewable; topical cream/gel; injection 50 mg/mL (1)

300 mg/day (oral) (1) · N/A (never approved) (1)

15-30 minutes (oral); 1-2 minutes (IV) (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)

4-6 hours (1) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1)

4-8 hours (longer in elderly, 9-13 hours)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1)

Not formally characterized in humans. (1) · ~40-60% (oral, with significant first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' (1)

Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · Older agent with substantial use experience; broadly considered safe in pregnancy'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (1)

None (1) · [[USLegal:Over-the-counter|OTC]] for most oral and topical formulations; [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] for injectable (1)

Showing below up to 2 results in range #1 to #2.

B

Bromazolam

D

Diphenhydramine

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