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Medicines > classes: [[:Category:Antimuscarinics|Antimuscarinic]] & routes : Inhaled (DPI or transdermal

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generic:
Oxybutynin (1) · Tiotropium (1)
brand:
Ditropan, Ditropan XL, Oxytrol (transdermal), Gelnique (gel) (1) · Spiriva, Spiriva Respimat (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
None (2)
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-000006DE-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000006DF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000006E0-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000009BE-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009BF-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
18 mcg DPI once daily (HandiHaler); 2.5 mcg per actuation × 2 inhalations once daily (Respimat) (1) · IR 5 mg PO BID-TID; ER 5-10 mg PO daily, titrate; transdermal patch 3.9 mg/d twice weekly (OTC) (1)
preparations:
18 mcg HandiHaler capsules; 2.5 mcg/actuation Respimat solution inhaler (1.25 mcg/actuation for asthma indication) (1) · 5 mg IR tablets; 5, 10, 15 mg ER tablets; 5 mg/5 mL syrup; 3.9 mg/24 h transdermal patch (Oxytrol); 10% topical gel (1)
fda max:
30 mg/d (XL) typical (1) · One dose per day (1)
routes: (Click arrow to add another value)
onset:
30-60 minutes (PO) (1) · Bronchodilation 30 minutes; steady-state at 1-2 weeks (1)
duration:
24 hours (long receptor dissociation half-life from M3) (1) · IR: 6-10 hours; ER: 24 hours (1)
halflife:
2-3 hours (parent and active N-desethyl metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-000006E1-QINU`"' (1) · ~25-44 hours plasma; receptor kinetics drive the once-daily duration'"`UNIQ--ref-000009C0-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
Inhaled lung deposition ~20%; systemic absorption from lung ~33%; oral component negligible'"`UNIQ--ref-000009C1-QINU`"' (1) · ~6% IR oral (substantial first-pass to active N-desethyl metabolite, which contributes most of the antimuscarinic adverse effects); transdermal bypasses first-pass and is better tolerated'"`UNIQ--ref-000006E2-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
Limited data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Limited data; LABA/LAMA strategies in pregnancy generally favor agents with the most reassuring data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)
legal:
OTC (transdermal patch in women) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (other forms) in US (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1)

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