Drilldown: Medicines
Use the filters below to narrow your results.
generic:
brand:
Ativan (oral, injectable), Loreev XR (1) ·
Buspar (US brand discontinued; generic widely available) (1) ·
Effexor XR, Effexor IR (discontinued in US, generic widely available) (1) ·
Klonopin (1) ·
Lexapro (1) ·
Luvox (US brand discontinued; generic widely available), Luvox CR, Faverin (other markets) (1) ·
Paxil (IR), Paxil CR (controlled-release), Brisdelle (low-dose for menopausal vasomotor symptoms), Pexeva (paroxetine mesylate) (1) ·
Prozac (1) ·
Valium (oral, IV/IM, rectal), Diastat (rectal gel for breakthrough seizures), Valtoco (nasal spray for breakthrough seizures), Libervant (buccal film) (1) ·
Vistaril (pamoate), Atarax (HCl, discontinued in US as brand) (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
None (7) ·
TrkB/BDNF'"`UNIQ--ref-00000040-QINU`"' '"`UNIQ--vote-00000041-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"' '''QT prolongation''' risk at high doses prompted the FDA's 2015 caution against use in patients with prolonged QT or with concurrent QT-prolonging medicines'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"' CYP2C19 + CYP3A4 metabolism, with CPIC PGx guidance: poor CYP2C19 metabolizers have ~3-fold higher exposure and benefit from a lower starting dose; ultrarapid metabolizers may have inadequate response'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"'. (1)
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"' (2) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"' (5) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000026-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000027-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000028-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000029-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000002A-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000042-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000043-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000044-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
10 mg (1) ·
10 mg PO once daily; titrate to 20 mg/day after 1-2 weeks if needed (1) ·
5 mg PO TID or 7.5 mg PO BID; titrate by 5 mg every 2-3 days to clinical effect, commonly 30-60 mg/day divided BID-TID (1) ·
50 mg PO at bedtime; titrate by 50 mg every 4-7 days to clinical effect. Total daily doses >100 mg divided BID. Luvox CR: 100 mg PO once daily, may titrate to 300 mg/day (1) ·
Anxiety: 0.25 mg PO BID, titrate by 0.125-0.25 mg every 3 days to target 1-4 mg/day divided. Seizures: 1.5 mg/day divided TID, titrate by 0.5-1 mg every 3 days (1) ·
Anxiety: 0.5-1 mg PO BID-TID. Insomnia: 1-2 mg PO at bedtime. Status epilepticus: 4 mg IV (adult), repeat after 5-10 minutes if needed. Acute agitation: 1-2 mg IM (1) ·
Anxiety: 2-10 mg PO 2-4 times daily. Alcohol withdrawal: 10-20 mg PO/IV every 4-6 hours, symptom-triggered. Status epilepticus: 5-10 mg IV. Breakthrough seizures: Diastat rectal 0.2-0.5 mg/kg or Valtoco intranasal 5-20 mg (1) ·
Anxiety: 25-50 mg PO QID. Pruritus: 25 mg PO TID-QID. Insomnia: 25-50 mg PO at bedtime. Pediatric: 50-100 mg/day divided (1) ·
MDD/GAD: 20 mg PO once daily. Panic disorder: 10 mg titrating to 40 mg. OCD: 20 mg titrating to 40-60 mg. CR: 25 mg/day. Brisdelle: 7.5 mg at bedtime for hot flashes (1) ·
XR 37.5 mg PO once daily for 4-7 days, then 75 mg/day; titrate by 75 mg every ≥4 days to clinical effect. IR 25-37.5 mg BID-TID (1)
preparations:
10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg caps (1) ·
IR tablets 10, 20, 30, 40 mg; CR tablets 12.5, 25, 37.5 mg; oral suspension 10 mg/5 mL; Brisdelle capsules 7.5 mg (1) ·
IR tablets 25, 37.5, 50, 75, 100 mg; XR capsules 37.5, 75, 150, 225 mg (1) ·
IR tablets 25, 50, 100 mg; Luvox CR capsules 100, 150 mg (1) ·
Tablets 0.5, 1, 2 mg; oral concentrate 2 mg/mL; injection 2 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL; Loreev XR capsules 1, 2, 3 mg (1) ·
Tablets 0.5, 1, 2 mg; orally disintegrating tablets 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 mg (1) ·
Tablets 10, 25, 50 mg (HCl); capsules 25, 50, 100 mg (pamoate); oral suspension 25 mg/5 mL; injection 25, 50 mg/mL (IM only, never IV) (1) ·
Tablets 2, 5, 10 mg; oral solution 1, 5 mg/mL; injection 5 mg/mL; Diastat rectal gel 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg; Valtoco nasal spray 5, 7.5, 10 mg/dose; Libervant buccal film (1) ·
Tablets 5, 10, 20 mg; oral solution 1 mg/mL (1) ·
Tablets 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 30 mg (the 15 and 30 mg tablets are scored for halving and quartering) (1)
fda max:
10 mg/day (anxiety, oral) (1) ·
20 mg/day (adult); 10 mg/day in elderly and in hepatic impairment (1) ·
20 mg/day (seizures); commonly limited to 4 mg/day for anxiety in current practice (1) ·
225 mg/day outpatient (XR); 375 mg/day inpatient (IR divided TID); 75 mg/day in moderate hepatic impairment (1) ·
300 mg/day (IR or CR) (1) ·
40 mg/d (1) ·
40 mg/day (oral, anxiety) (1) ·
400 mg/day theoretical; in practice rarely exceeds 200 mg/day (1) ·
50 mg/day (IR); 62.5 mg/day (CR); 60 mg/day (OCD) (1) ·
60 mg/day (1)
routes: (Click arrow to add another value)
onset:
None (1) ·
'''Anxiolytic effect emerges over 2-4 weeks'''; buspirone does NOT work for acute anxiety, which is the central teaching point and the most common cause of treatment failure (1) ·
15-30 minutes (oral) (1) ·
15-60 minutes (oral); 1-5 minutes (IV); 4-10 minutes (rectal or intranasal) (1) ·
20-60 minutes (1) ·
30-60 minutes (oral); 5 minutes (IV); 15-30 minutes (IM) (1) ·
Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks (1) ·
Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks; full clinical effect 4-6 weeks (1) ·
Antidepressant effect over 1-2 weeks; anxiolytic effect over 4-6 weeks (1) ·
OCD effect over 1-2 weeks initial, with full effect typically 6-12 weeks; among the slowest SSRIs for OCD response (1)
duration:
24 hours (once-daily dosing) (2) ·
24 hours (XR); 12 hours (IR) (1) ·
4-6 hours (1) ·
6-12 hours (long-acting among benzodiazepines) (1) ·
6-24 hours (parent); much longer when accounting for the long-lived active metabolites (1) ·
6-8 hours (1) ·
BID at higher doses (IR); once-daily (CR) (1) ·
Very long (1) ·
~8 hours (TID dosing) (1)
halflife:
12-15 hours (intermediate); '''no active metabolites''' (key clinical feature)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000023-QINU`"' (1) ·
14-25 hours (longer in elderly and hepatic impairment)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) ·
1–4 days (7–15 days for norfluoxetine) (1) ·
27-32 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) ·
30-40 hours (long; accumulates with chronic dosing)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) ·
Buspirone 2-3 hours; 1-PP active metabolite 4-6 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001D-QINU`"' (1) ·
Diazepam 20-50 hours; '''N-desmethyldiazepam (nordazepam) 30-200 hours''' is the major active metabolite and accumulates substantially with chronic dosing'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) ·
Venlafaxine 5 hours; desvenlafaxine active metabolite 11 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) ·
~15 hours (IR)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000023-QINU`"' (1) ·
~21 hours (with nonlinear pharmacokinetics from CYP2D6 autoinhibition)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002B-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
70–90% (oral) (1) ·
Highly variable due to saturable first-pass metabolism'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002C-QINU`"' (1) ·
~4% (extensive first-pass metabolism)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"' (1) ·
~45%'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' (1) ·
~53% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000024-QINU`"' (1) ·
~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' (2) ·
~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000024-QINU`"' (1) ·
~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' (1) ·
~93% (oral); ~90% (rectal)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
None (1) ·
'''Among the least preferred SSRIs in pregnancy.''' Observational signal for cardiac malformations (atrial and ventricular septal defects) with first-trimester exposure, and the most severe neonatal adaptation syndrome of any SSRI with third-trimester exposure'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002D-QINU`"' (1) ·
Category C'"`UNIQ--ref-00000045-QINU`"' (1) ·
Limited human data; older agent with substantial use experience and no clear teratogenic signal.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited human data; older agent with substantial use experience; some signal for first-trimester exposure but not conclusive.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited human data; some signal for cleft palate with first-trimester exposure (debated); neonatal sedation and withdrawal with third-trimester exposure.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Observational signal for neonatal adaptation syndrome with late-pregnancy exposure; weigh against the risks of untreated maternal depression.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Observational signal for neonatal adaptation syndrome with third-trimester exposure (SSRI class effect).<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Some signal for cleft lip/palate with first-trimester exposure (debated); neonatal sedation and withdrawal with third-trimester exposure.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Some signal for cleft palate with first-trimester exposure (debated); neonatal sedation and withdrawal with third-trimester exposure.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1)
legal:
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries the antidepressant '''Boxed Warning''' for suicidality in children, adolescents, and young adults'"`UNIQ--ref-00000025-QINU`"' (1) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries the antidepressant '''Boxed Warning''' for suicidality in children, adolescents, and young adults'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (2) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries the antidepressant '''Boxed Warning''' for suicidality in children, adolescents, and young adults'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002E-QINU`"' (1) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Not a controlled substance, which is a meaningful clinical advantage over benzodiazepine alternatives for chronic anxiety'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001F-QINU`"' (1) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Not a controlled substance, which is a meaningful clinical advantage over the benzodiazepine alternatives for short-term anxiety'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (1) ·
[[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US. Carries the benzodiazepine class '''Boxed Warning''' for risk of fatal respiratory depression, coma, and death when combined with opioids'"`UNIQ--ref-00000025-QINU`"' (1) ·
[[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US. Carries the benzodiazepine class '''Boxed Warning''' for risk of fatal respiratory depression, coma, and death when combined with opioids'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (2)
Showing below up to 10 results in range #1 to #10.