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Medicines > classes: [[:Category:Biguanides|Biguanide]] & onset: Glucose lowering within days; HbA1c effect at 8-12 weeks

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generic:
Metformin (1)
brand:
Glucophage, Glucophage XR, Fortamet, Glumetza, Riomet (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000013-QINU`"' Does not stimulate insulin secretion; minimal hypoglycemia risk as monotherapy. Cleared renally unchanged; dose-adjust by eGFR'"`UNIQ--ref-00000014-QINU`"'. Rare lactic acidosis primarily in renal failure or acute illness. (1)
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000015-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000016-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
500 mg PO once or twice daily with meals; titrate weekly to limit GI effects (1)
preparations:
500 mg, 850 mg, 1000 mg IR tablets; 500 mg, 750 mg, 1000 mg ER tablets; 500 mg/5 mL oral solution (1)
fda max:
2550 mg/d (IR); 2000 mg/d (ER) (1)
routes:
Oral (1)
onset: (Click arrow to add another value)
duration:
~12 hours (IR); 24 hours (ER) (1)
halflife:
6.2 hours (plasma); ~17 hours in erythrocytes'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
50-60% (oral; decreased with food, but food given anyway for GI tolerance)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000019-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
Generally considered safe; widely used in PCOS and gestational diabetes; placental transfer occurs.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)
legal:
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1)

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