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Medicines > classes: [[:Category:Crystalloid_IV_fluids|Crystalloid IV fluid]] & routes : intranasal or nebulized

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generic:
Sodium chloride (1)
brand:
Normal saline, NaCl injection, many; nebulized: HyperSal, PulmoSal (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000037-QINU`"' Hypertonic 3% is the standard urgent treatment of severely symptomatic hyponatremia'"`UNIQ--ref-00000038-QINU`"'. (1)
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000039-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000003A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000003B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000003C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000003D-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
Volume and concentration titrated to clinical status; symptomatic hyponatremia: 3% NaCl 100-150 mL bolus, reassess (1)
preparations:
0.225%, 0.45%, 0.9%, 3%, 5% IV solutions; 0.9% nasal spray; 3% and 7% nebulizer solutions; oral tablets (1 g) (1)
fda max:
No fixed maximum; titrated; sodium correction rate in chronic hyponatremia must not exceed 8-10 mEq/L per 24 hours to avoid osmotic demyelination (1)
routes: (Click arrow to add another value)
onset:
Immediate (IV) (1)
duration:
Roughly 20-25% of an IV bolus remains intravascular at 1 hour (1)
halflife:
Not applicable (electrolyte) (1)
bioavailability:
100% (IV); essentially complete (oral) (1)
pregnancy:
Standard fluid and electrolyte management (1)
legal:
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] for parenteral formulations; OTC for oral, nasal, and many nebulizer products (1)

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