Drilldown: Medicines
Use the filters below to narrow your results.
generic:
brand:
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-000005B3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000005B4-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000005B5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000005B6-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000607-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000608-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000609-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000060A-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001035-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001036-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001037-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000124D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000124E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000124F-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000012CE-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012CF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012D0-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000012E5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012E6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012E7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012E8-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
0.4 mg PO daily (general prevention); 0.8-1 mg/d in pregnancy; 4 mg/d for women with prior NTD-affected pregnancy; 1 mg/d during methotrexate therapy (1) ·
General supplementation 75-90 mg/d (RDA); scurvy treatment 100-1000 mg/d for several weeks; megadose claims unsupported (1) ·
Migraine prophylaxis: 400 mg PO daily; deficiency replacement 5-30 mg/d (1) ·
Niaspan ER 500 mg PO at bedtime, titrate weekly to 1-2 g/d; flushing-protective aspirin 30-60 minutes before dose; pellagra replacement 100-500 mg/d (1) ·
Replacement: 1000 mcg IM daily for 1 week, then weekly for 4 weeks, then monthly; or 1000-2000 mcg PO daily (effective even in pernicious anemia via passive diffusion); intranasal 500 mcg weekly (1) ·
Replacement: 15-30 mg (22.5-45 IU) daily; NASH: 800 IU daily; AREDS-2: 400 IU daily (in combination formula) (1)
preparations:
0.4, 0.8, 1 mg OTC; 1 mg Rx; 5 mg/mL injection (1) ·
100, 200, 400 IU softgels and capsules; many proprietary OTC blends; combined formulations (AREDS-2) (1) ·
100, 250, 500, 1000 mg tablets, chewables, gummies, effervescent; IV (specialty) (1) ·
100, 250, 500, 1000, 5000 mcg tablets (OTC and Rx); 1000 mcg/mL injection; intranasal spray; sublingual (1) ·
25, 50, 100, 250, 400 mg tablets; OTC (1) ·
OTC IR niacin 50-500 mg tablets; Niaspan ER 500, 750, 1000 mg tablets; "no-flush" niacin (inositol hexaniacinate, lacks evidence) (1)
fda max:
1 mg/d typical Rx; higher in specific indications (1) ·
2 g/d (Niaspan); higher off-label use historical (1) ·
No strict ceiling for water-soluble vitamin; UL not set (1) ·
No strict ceiling; water-soluble vitamin, low toxicity (1) ·
UL 1000 mg (~1500 IU natural)/d in adults; routinely exceeded in older AREDS-1 trials (1) ·
UL 2000 mg/d in adults (1)
routes: (Click arrow to add another value)
onset:
Days for symptom improvement in scurvy (1) ·
Days to weeks for tissue saturation (1) ·
Hematologic response within days (1) ·
Lipid changes 4-8 weeks (1) ·
Migraine effect after 1-3 months of daily use (1) ·
Reticulocyte response at 3-5 days; neurologic recovery weeks to months (and may be incomplete if longstanding) (1)
duration:
halflife:
~0.5 hours plasma; tissue retention longer (1) ·
~1 hour (IR niacin); ER formulations extend functional duration'"`UNIQ--ref-00001038-QINU`"' (1) ·
~1-2 hours plasma (riboflavin itself); FAD/FMN tissue cofactors are continuous (1) ·
~10-20 days (steady-state body pool); single dose plasma ~2 hours (1) ·
~3-4 days plasma; adipose tissue stores last months (1) ·
~6 days (plasma); hepatic stores last 3-5 years (1)
bioavailability:
High (oral) (1) ·
High (oral; food enhances)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001039-QINU`"' (1) ·
High with fat-containing meal; reduced in malabsorption (1) ·
Oral ~1-3% via passive diffusion at high doses (independent of intrinsic factor); IM/SC ~100% (1) ·
~50-60% (oral; food enhances) (1) ·
~70-90% at typical doses; saturable at high doses (>500 mg) (1)
pregnancy:
Pharmacologic doses generally avoided in pregnancy; vitamin doses fine.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Routinely supplemented in pregnancy and preconception to prevent neural tube defects.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Routinely supplemented in vegan pregnancies and pernicious anemia.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Safe at replacement and supplement doses.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Safe at replacement doses; high-dose use generally avoided.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Safe at routine doses; routinely supplemented in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1)
legal:
OTC (low-dose) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (1 mg, injectable) in US (1) ·
OTC (low-dose, dietary supplement) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (Niaspan ER) in US (1) ·
OTC (low/mid-dose oral) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (injection, intranasal) in US (1) ·
OTC in US (3)
Showing below up to 8 results in range #1 to #8.