Drilldown: Medicines

Apixaban (1) · Azelastine (1) · Budesonide (1) · Cefdinir (1) · Celecoxib (1) · Dextromethorphan / Quinidine (1) · Doxycycline (1) · Enalapril (and enalaprilat IV) (1) · Fexofenadine (1) · Flecainide (1) · Guaifenesin (1) · Icosapent ethyl (eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester, EPA-EE) (1) · Ofloxacin (1) · Oseltamivir (1) · Ticagrelor (1)

Allegra, Allegra Allergy 24 Hour, Mucinex Allergy (combo) — all now OTC in US (1) · Astelin, Astepro (intranasal); Optivar (ophthalmic); with fluticasone as Dymista (1) · Brilinta (1) · Celebrex (oral capsules), Elyxyb (oral solution, for acute migraine) (1) · Eliquis (1) · Floxin (oral, US brand discontinued); Ocuflox (ophthalmic); Floxin Otic (otic) (1) · Mucinex, Robitussin, Tussin (1) · Nuedexta (1) · Omnicef (discontinued in US under brand); mostly generic (1) · Pulmicort (inhaled), Rhinocort (intranasal), Entocort EC and Uceris (enteric-coated oral for IBD), Symbicort (with formoterol) (1) · Tambocor (US brand discontinued) (1) · Tamiflu (1) · Vascepa (1) · Vasotec, Vasotec IV, Epaned (1) · Vibramycin, Doryx, Oracea, Adoxa, Monodox, Acticlate (1)

None (1) · selective COX-2)]] (1) · [[:Category:ACE_inhibitors|ACE inhibitor]] (1) · [[:Category:Analgesics|Analgesic]] (1) · [[:Category:Anti-influenza_agents|Anti-influenza agent]] (1) · [[:Category:Antiarrhythmics|Antiarrhythmic (Vaughan-Williams class IC)]] (1) · [[:Category:Antibacterials|Antibacterial]] (1) · [[:Category:Anticoagulants|Anticoagulant]] (1) · [[:Category:Antihistamines|Antihistamine]] (1) · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] (1) · [[:Category:Antiplatelet_agents|Antiplatelet agent]] (1) · [[:Category:Antivirals|Antiviral]] (1) · [[:Category:Bacteriostatic_antibiotics|Bacteriostatic antibiotic]] (1) · [[:Category:Beta-lactam_antibiotics|β-lactam antibiotic]] (1) · [[:Category:Cephalosporins|Cephalosporin (third-generation)]] (1) · [[:Category:Corticosteroids|Corticosteroid]] (1) · [[:Category:Cyclopentyltriazolopyrimidines|Cyclopentyltriazolopyrimidine]] (1) · [[:Category:Direct_factor_Xa_inhibitors|Direct factor Xa inhibitor]] (1) · [[:Category:DOACs|Direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC)]] (1) · [[:Category:Expectorants|Expectorant]] (1) · [[:Category:Fluoroquinolones|Fluoroquinolone antibiotic]] (1) · [[:Category:Glucocorticoids|Glucocorticoid]] (1) · [[:Category:H1_receptor_antagonists|Histamine H1 receptor antagonist (second-generation)]] (1) · [[:Category:H1_receptor_antagonists|Histamine H1 receptor antagonist]] (1) · [[:Category:Inhaled_corticosteroids|Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)]] (1) · [[:Category:Intranasal_antihistamines|Intranasal antihistamine]] (1) · [[:Category:Lipid-lowering_agents|Lipid-lowering agent]] (1) · [[:Category:Mast_cell_stabilizers|Mast cell stabilizer]] (1) · [[:Category:Mucolytics|Mucolytic]] (1) · [[:Category:Neuraminidase_inhibitors|Neuraminidase inhibitor]] (1) · [[:Category:NSAIDs|Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID (1) · [[:Category:Omega-3_fatty_acids|Omega-3 fatty acid]] (1) · [[:Category:P2Y12_inhibitors|P2Y12 receptor inhibitor (reversible)]] (1) · [[:Category:Tetracycline_antibiotics|Tetracycline antibiotic]] (1)

None (8) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000001F6-QINU`"' CYP3A4 (primary) and P-glycoprotein substrate; strong dual inhibitors or inducers materially shift exposure. Reversal: andexanet alfa for life-threatening bleeding; 4F-PCC commonly used off-label when andexanet unavailable'"`UNIQ--ref-000001F7-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000CC9-QINU`"' Mostly excreted unchanged in feces and urine; P-glycoprotein substrate (the basis of the fruit-juice interaction). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000104D-QINU`"' Adequate hydration is at least as important as the drug in producing the expectorant effect clinically. Used in combination with dextromethorphan, decongestants, or antihistamines in many proprietary OTC cold preparations. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113A-QINU`"' Concomitant β-blocker or CCB is required when used for AF to prevent 1:1 atrial flutter conduction (flecainide can slow atrial rate to a level where AV conduction allows dangerous ventricular rates). CYP2D6 substrate'"`UNIQ--ref-0000113B-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000013B1-QINU`"' Topical application minimizes systemic antihistaminic burden; the characteristic bitter taste with nasal use (drainage to oropharynx) is the main tolerability issue'"`UNIQ--ref-000013B2-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000014BC-QINU`"' Topical ophthalmic and otic formulations remain widely used in ENT and ophthalmology. Subject to all fluoroquinolone-class restrictions (tendinitis/rupture, peripheral neuropathy, QT prolongation)'"`UNIQ--ref-000014BD-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001580-QINU`"' First FDA-approved treatment for PBA. The 10 mg quinidine daily dose is far below antiarrhythmic levels but sufficient to nearly fully inhibit CYP2D6, the basis of the combination's pharmacokinetic rationale'"`UNIQ--ref-00001581-QINU`"'. (1)

'"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000026-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000027-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000028-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000001F8-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000001F9-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000001FA-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000475-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000476-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000477-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000478-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000479-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000047A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000047B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000047C-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000099F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009A0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009A1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009A2-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009A3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009A4-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000009DF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009E0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009E1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009E2-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009E3-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000B81-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000B82-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000B83-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000C8F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000C90-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000C91-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000CCA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000CCB-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E91-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E92-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E93-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000104E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000104F-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113E-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000013B3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000013B4-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000013B5-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000013CF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000013D0-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000014BE-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000014BF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000014C0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000014C1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000014C2-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001582-QINU`"' (1)

1 capsule (20/10 mg dextromethorphan/quinidine) PO once daily × 7 days, then 1 capsule BID (1) · 100 mg PO BID; rickettsial 200 mg/d; doxy-PEP 200 mg within 72 hours after condomless sex (1) · 2 g PO BID with meals (4 g/d total) (1) · 200-400 mg PO q4h (IR); 600-1200 mg PO q12h (Mucinex 12-Hour ER) (1) · 300 mg PO BID, or 600 mg PO once daily, ×5-10 days; pediatric 14 mg/kg/d (1) · 5-10 mg PO once daily (2.5 mg if on diuretic or in heart failure); titrate to 10-20 mg BID for HFrEF (1) · 50 mg PO BID; titrate to 100-200 mg BID; pill-in-pocket 200-300 mg PO single dose for AF conversion (1) · 60 mg PO BID or 180 mg PO once daily (1) · ACS/PCI: 180 mg PO loading dose, then 90 mg PO BID for 12 months; long-term post-MI: 60 mg BID (1) · ICS Pulmicort Flexhaler 180-360 mcg BID; intranasal Rhinocort 64 mcg/spray, 1-2 sprays/nostril daily; Entocort EC 9 mg PO daily for active Crohn's; Symbicort 80/4.5 or 160/4.5 mcg, 2 puffs BID (1) · Intranasal 0.1% or 0.15%: 1-2 sprays/nostril BID; ophthalmic 0.05%: 1 drop in each eye BID (1) · NVAF: 5 mg PO BID (2.5 mg BID if 2 of 3: age ≥80, weight ≤60 kg, serum creatinine ≥1.5 mg/dL); acute VTE: 10 mg BID for 7 days, then 5 mg BID (1) · Oral 200-400 mg BID; ophthalmic 1-2 drops in affected eye(s) q2-4h initially, then taper; otic 5-10 drops in affected ear BID (1) · Osteoarthritis: 200 mg PO once daily or 100 mg BID. Rheumatoid arthritis: 100-200 mg PO BID. Acute pain: 400 mg loading, then 200 mg every 12 hours (1) · Treatment: 75 mg PO BID × 5 days (adult); pediatric weight-based; prophylaxis: 75 mg PO once daily × 7-10 days (1)

0.1%, 0.15% intranasal spray; 0.05% ophthalmic solution; combination Dymista (azelastine 0.137 mg + fluticasone 50 mcg/spray) (1) · 0.5 g, 1 g capsules (1) · 100, 200, 400 mg IR tablets; 600 mg, 1200 mg Mucinex ER tablets; many liquid formulations and combination products with dextromethorphan, pseudoephedrine, antihistamines (1) · 2.5 mg, 5 mg tablets (1) · 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tablets; 1 mg/mL oral solution (Epaned); 1.25 mg/mL IV (enalaprilat) (1) · 20 mg dextromethorphan HBr / 10 mg quinidine sulfate capsules (1) · 200, 300, 400 mg tablets (mostly generic now); 0.3% ophthalmic solution; 0.3% otic solution (1) · 30, 45, 75 mg capsules; 6 mg/mL oral suspension (1) · 30, 60, 180 mg tablets; 30 mg ODT; 6 mg/mL oral suspension; all OTC (1) · 300 mg capsules; 125, 250 mg/5 mL suspension (1) · 50 mg, 75 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg tablets and capsules; delayed-release; suspension; IV (1) · 50, 100, 150 mg tablets (1) · 60, 90 mg tablets (1) · Capsules 50, 100, 200, 400 mg; Elyxyb oral solution 25 mg/mL (1) · Pulmicort Flexhaler DPI 90, 180 mcg/dose; Pulmicort Respules 0.25, 0.5, 1 mg/2 mL nebulized; Rhinocort intranasal 32 mcg/spray; Entocort EC 3 mg capsules; Uceris 9 mg ER tablets and rectal foam (1)

1 capsule BID (40 mg DXM / 20 mg quinidine per day) (1) · 10 mg BID for the first 7 days of acute VTE; otherwise 5 mg BID (1) · 150 mg/d (treatment) (1) · 180 mg/d (adults) (1) · 2 sprays/nostril BID (1) · 2.4 g/d (1) · 4 g/d (1) · 40 mg/d (1) · 400 mg/d (1) · 400 mg/day for chronic indications; higher for short-term acute pain (1) · 600 mg/d (1) · 800 mg/d (1) · 90 mg BID (acute year); 60 mg BID (chronic post-MI) (1) · ICS ~1280 mcg/d; intranasal 256 mcg/d; Entocort 9 mg/d standard (1) · ~200 mg/d for most indications; higher doses for severe infections (1)

Inhaled (1) · Intranasal (2) · IV (2) · nebulized (1) · ophthalmic (1) · Oral (13) · oral (enteric-coated (1) · otic (1) · rectal foam) (1) · topical ophthalmic (1)

1-2 hours (1) · 15 minutes (1) · 30 minutes (1) · 30-60 minutes (1) · AF conversion within hours of single PO dose (1) · Antiplatelet effect within 30 minutes of loading dose (faster than clopidogrel) (1) · BP effect 1 hour; max at 4-6 hours (1) · Hours (3) · Inhaled: bronchial effect 1-2 weeks; oral GI effect 1-2 weeks (1) · PBA episode reduction within 1-2 weeks (1) · Peak anticoagulant effect 3-4 hours (1) · Symptom shortening detectable within 24-48 hours of starting (small absolute benefit; ~1 day reduction in symptom duration) (1) · Triglyceride lowering at 4-8 weeks; CV benefit emerges over months (1)

None · 24 hours · 4-6 hours · 12 hours · 6-8 hours · Daily dosing · 8-12 hours · 12-24 hours · Hours · Hours per application · 24 hours (HS dosing) · 24 hours (once-daily dosing) · 24 h · N/A · N/A (replacement) · Variable · ~7-8 hours · 3-5 hours · 4-6 hours (IR); 24 hours (ER) · 6-12 hours

Other values:

Search

16-22 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000047D-QINU`"' (1) · Dextromethorphan substantially prolonged by quinidine's CYP2D6 inhibition (typical extensive metabolizers see ~10× higher AUC); quinidine ~6-8 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00001583-QINU`"' (1) · ~1 hour'"`UNIQ--ref-00001050-QINU`"' (1) · ~1.7 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000009E4-QINU`"' (1) · ~11 hours (enalaprilat, the active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B84-QINU`"' (1) · ~11 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000029-QINU`"' (1) · ~12 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000001FB-QINU`"' (1) · ~14 hours (adults); longer in elderly and renal impairment'"`UNIQ--ref-0000113F-QINU`"' (1) · ~14 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CCC-QINU`"' (1) · ~2-3.6 hours (plasma)'"`UNIQ--ref-000009A5-QINU`"' (1) · ~22 hours; longer 54 hours (desmethylazelastine, active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-000013B6-QINU`"' (1) · ~6-10 hours (oseltamivir carboxylate, the active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000E94-QINU`"' (1) · ~7 hours (parent); ~9 hours (active AR-C124910XX metabolite, accounts for ~30-40% of activity)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C92-QINU`"' (1) · ~89 hours (EPA, the active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-000013D1-QINU`"' (1) · ~9 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000014C3-QINU`"' (1)

16-21% capsule, 25% suspension (oral; iron and antacids reduce absorption substantially)'"`UNIQ--ref-000009E5-QINU`"' (1) · High (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001051-QINU`"' (1) · Increased substantially via CYP2D6 inhibition'"`UNIQ--ref-00001584-QINU`"' (1) · Intranasal ~40% systemic; ophthalmic minimal'"`UNIQ--ref-000013B7-QINU`"' (1) · Substantially improved with high-fat meal; take with food'"`UNIQ--ref-000013D2-QINU`"' (1) · ~33% (oral; fruit juices including grapefruit, orange, and apple reduce absorption substantially via OATP1A2 inhibition — distinctive interaction not seen with most other H1s)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CCD-QINU`"' (1) · ~36% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C93-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-000001FC-QINU`"' (1) · ~6-13% inhaled lung deposition; ~10% oral (Entocort EC; extensive first-pass via CYP3A4 — this is the basis of the favorable hepatic-targeted local-effect profile in IBD)'"`UNIQ--ref-000009A6-QINU`"' (1) · ~60% (oral; food does not affect absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B85-QINU`"' (1) · ~75% (oral, as the active carboxylate after hepatic esterase activation)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000E95-QINU`"' (1) · ~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001140-QINU`"' (1) · ~95% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-000014C4-QINU`"' (1) · ~95% (oral; reduced by dairy, antacids, iron via divalent-cation chelation, though less than for tetracycline itself)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000047E-QINU`"' (1) · ~99% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002A-QINU`"' (1)

None (2) · '''Avoid in pregnancy where alternatives exist''' (animal cartilage toxicity; class-wide concern).<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · '''Contraindicated in pregnancy''' (all trimesters); fetal renal injury, oligohydramnios, skull hypoplasia, hypotension. Stop on detection'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B86-QINU`"' (1) · Avoid from 20 weeks gestation onward per FDA's 2020 expanded NSAID warning (fetal renal dysfunction, oligohydramnios); contraindicated from 30 weeks (risk of premature ductus arteriosus closure)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002B-QINU`"' (1) · Generally considered acceptable.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Generally considered safe in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Generally considered safe; loratadine and cetirizine have more pregnancy data and are typically preferred.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Generally used when influenza treatment is indicated; pregnancy is a recognized risk factor for severe influenza.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Limited data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Limited data; quinidine has been used in pregnancy as antiarrhythmic.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Limited data; second-line to intranasal corticosteroids or PO loratadine/cetirizine.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Limited data; weigh against alternatives.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Long the preferred ICS in pregnancy (Pulmicort) due to the most pregnancy data among the class.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Use in fetal SVT (transplacental antiarrhythmic therapy) is established; otherwise weigh against alternatives.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

OTC (Astepro 0.15%) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (other intranasal, ophthalmic, Dymista) in US (1) · OTC (intranasal Rhinocort Allergy) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (other forms) in US (1) · OTC in US (2) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (7) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. '''Contraindicated in structural heart disease''' — CAST trial (1989) showed increased mortality from class IC agents in patients with prior MI; modern use is limited to structurally normal hearts'"`UNIQ--ref-00001141-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries a '''Boxed Warning''' for bleeding risk and against aspirin maintenance doses above 100 mg/d (reduces ticagrelor efficacy, per PLATO subgroup analysis)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C94-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries the same fluoroquinolone-class '''Boxed Warnings''' as ciprofloxacin/levofloxacin'"`UNIQ--ref-000014C5-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Caution with QT-prolonging medicines (quinidine itself is class IA antiarrhythmic, and the dose here, though sub-antiarrhythmic, still contributes to QT)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001585-QINU`"' (1)