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Medicines (732)

Medicines > duration

: 12 hours

or IR 4–6 h; XR 8–12 h

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Apixaban (1) · Azelastine (1) · Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) (1) · Dexmethylphenidate (1) · Dextromethorphan / Quinidine (1) · Doxycycline (1) · Ferrous sulfate (1) · Flecainide (1) · Folic acid (folate, pteroylglutamic acid) (1) · Icosapent ethyl (eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester, EPA-EE) (1) · Ofloxacin (1) · Oseltamivir (1) · Ticagrelor (1)

Astelin, Astepro (intranasal); Optivar (ophthalmic); with fluticasone as Dymista (1) · Brilinta (1) · Eliquis (1) · Feosol, Fer-In-Sol, Slow Fe; mostly generic and OTC (1) · Floxin (oral, US brand discontinued); Ocuflox (ophthalmic); Floxin Otic (otic) (1) · Focalin, Focalin XR (1) · Folvite; mostly generic (1) · Many OTC and Rx; Nascobal (intranasal); generic injection (1) · Nuedexta (1) · Tambocor (US brand discontinued) (1) · Tamiflu (1) · Vascepa (1) · Vibramycin, Doryx, Oracea, Adoxa, Monodox, Acticlate (1)

None (7) · Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibition (DAT, NET), d-threo enantiomer of methylphenidate (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000001F6-QINU`"' CYP3A4 (primary) and P-glycoprotein substrate; strong dual inhibitors or inducers materially shift exposure. Reversal: andexanet alfa for life-threatening bleeding; 4F-PCC commonly used off-label when andexanet unavailable'"`UNIQ--ref-000001F7-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113A-QINU`"' Concomitant β-blocker or CCB is required when used for AF to prevent 1:1 atrial flutter conduction (flecainide can slow atrial rate to a level where AV conduction allows dangerous ventricular rates). CYP2D6 substrate'"`UNIQ--ref-0000113B-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000013B1-QINU`"' Topical application minimizes systemic antihistaminic burden; the characteristic bitter taste with nasal use (drainage to oropharynx) is the main tolerability issue'"`UNIQ--ref-000013B2-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000014BC-QINU`"' Topical ophthalmic and otic formulations remain widely used in ENT and ophthalmology. Subject to all fluoroquinolone-class restrictions (tendinitis/rupture, peripheral neuropathy, QT prolongation)'"`UNIQ--ref-000014BD-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001580-QINU`"' First FDA-approved treatment for PBA. The 10 mg quinidine daily dose is far below antiarrhythmic levels but sufficient to nearly fully inhibit CYP2D6, the basis of the combination's pharmacokinetic rationale'"`UNIQ--ref-00001581-QINU`"'. (1)

None (1) · 0.4 mg PO daily (general prevention); 0.8-1 mg/d in pregnancy; 4 mg/d for women with prior NTD-affected pregnancy; 1 mg/d during methotrexate therapy (1) · 1 capsule (20/10 mg dextromethorphan/quinidine) PO once daily × 7 days, then 1 capsule BID (1) · 100 mg PO BID; rickettsial 200 mg/d; doxy-PEP 200 mg within 72 hours after condomless sex (1) · 2 g PO BID with meals (4 g/d total) (1) · 325 mg PO daily to TID (=65 mg elemental iron/tablet); alternate-day dosing is now favored by hepcidin physiology for better absorption with less GI burden (1) · 50 mg PO BID; titrate to 100-200 mg BID; pill-in-pocket 200-300 mg PO single dose for AF conversion (1) · ACS/PCI: 180 mg PO loading dose, then 90 mg PO BID for 12 months; long-term post-MI: 60 mg BID (1) · Intranasal 0.1% or 0.15%: 1-2 sprays/nostril BID; ophthalmic 0.05%: 1 drop in each eye BID (1) · NVAF: 5 mg PO BID (2.5 mg BID if 2 of 3: age ≥80, weight ≤60 kg, serum creatinine ≥1.5 mg/dL); acute VTE: 10 mg BID for 7 days, then 5 mg BID (1) · Oral 200-400 mg BID; ophthalmic 1-2 drops in affected eye(s) q2-4h initially, then taper; otic 5-10 drops in affected ear BID (1) · Replacement: 1000 mcg IM daily for 1 week, then weekly for 4 weeks, then monthly; or 1000-2000 mcg PO daily (effective even in pernicious anemia via passive diffusion); intranasal 500 mcg weekly (1) · Treatment: 75 mg PO BID × 5 days (adult); pediatric weight-based; prophylaxis: 75 mg PO once daily × 7-10 days (1)

None (1) · 0.1%, 0.15% intranasal spray; 0.05% ophthalmic solution; combination Dymista (azelastine 0.137 mg + fluticasone 50 mcg/spray) (1) · 0.4, 0.8, 1 mg OTC; 1 mg Rx; 5 mg/mL injection (1) · 0.5 g, 1 g capsules (1) · 100, 250, 500, 1000, 5000 mcg tablets (OTC and Rx); 1000 mcg/mL injection; intranasal spray; sublingual (1) · 2.5 mg, 5 mg tablets (1) · 20 mg dextromethorphan HBr / 10 mg quinidine sulfate capsules (1) · 200, 300, 400 mg tablets (mostly generic now); 0.3% ophthalmic solution; 0.3% otic solution (1) · 30, 45, 75 mg capsules; 6 mg/mL oral suspension (1) · 325 mg tablets (65 mg elemental Fe); 220 mg/5 mL liquid (44 mg elemental Fe/5 mL); 142 mg/mL drops; OTC and Rx (1) · 50 mg, 75 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg tablets and capsules; delayed-release; suspension; IV (1) · 50, 100, 150 mg tablets (1) · 60, 90 mg tablets (1)

None (1) · 1 capsule BID (40 mg DXM / 20 mg quinidine per day) (1) · 1 mg/d typical Rx; higher in specific indications (1) · 10 mg BID for the first 7 days of acute VTE; otherwise 5 mg BID (1) · 150 mg/d (treatment) (1) · 2 sprays/nostril BID (1) · 4 g/d (1) · 400 mg/d (1) · 800 mg/d (1) · 90 mg BID (acute year); 60 mg BID (chronic post-MI) (1) · No strict ceiling; water-soluble vitamin, low toxicity (1) · ~200 mg elemental iron/d typical practical limit (1) · ~200 mg/d for most indications; higher doses for severe infections (1)

IM (2) · Intranasal (2) · IV (3) · ophthalmic (1) · Oral (12) · otic (1) · SC (2) · sublingual (1) · topical ophthalmic (1)

15 minutes (1) · 30–60 min (1) · AF conversion within hours of single PO dose (1) · Antiplatelet effect within 30 minutes of loading dose (faster than clopidogrel) (1) · Hematologic response within days (1) · Hours (2) · PBA episode reduction within 1-2 weeks (1) · Peak anticoagulant effect 3-4 hours (1) · Reticulocyte response at 3-5 days; neurologic recovery weeks to months (and may be incomplete if longstanding) (1) · Reticulocyte response at 7-10 days; hemoglobin rise of ~1 g/dL per 3 weeks (1) · Symptom shortening detectable within 24-48 hours of starting (small absolute benefit; ~1 day reduction in symptom duration) (1) · Triglyceride lowering at 4-8 weeks; CV benefit emerges over months (1)

16-22 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000047D-QINU`"' (1) · 2.2 h (IR parent); ~3 h (XR parent) (1) · Dextromethorphan substantially prolonged by quinidine's CYP2D6 inhibition (typical extensive metabolizers see ~10× higher AUC); quinidine ~6-8 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00001583-QINU`"' (1) · N/A (incorporated into hemoglobin and tissue stores) (1) · ~0.5 hours plasma; tissue retention longer (1) · ~12 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000001FB-QINU`"' (1) · ~14 hours (adults); longer in elderly and renal impairment'"`UNIQ--ref-0000113F-QINU`"' (1) · ~22 hours; longer 54 hours (desmethylazelastine, active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-000013B6-QINU`"' (1) · ~6 days (plasma); hepatic stores last 3-5 years (1) · ~6-10 hours (oseltamivir carboxylate, the active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000E94-QINU`"' (1) · ~7 hours (parent); ~9 hours (active AR-C124910XX metabolite, accounts for ~30-40% of activity)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C92-QINU`"' (1) · ~89 hours (EPA, the active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-000013D1-QINU`"' (1) · ~9 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000014C3-QINU`"' (1)

10-20% (oral; reduced by food, calcium, antacids, PPIs, tea/coffee; enhanced by ascorbate) (1) · High (oral) (1) · Increased substantially via CYP2D6 inhibition'"`UNIQ--ref-00001584-QINU`"' (1) · Intranasal ~40% systemic; ophthalmic minimal'"`UNIQ--ref-000013B7-QINU`"' (1) · Oral ~1-3% via passive diffusion at high doses (independent of intrinsic factor); IM/SC ~100% (1) · Substantially improved with high-fat meal; take with food'"`UNIQ--ref-000013D2-QINU`"' (1) · ~22–25% (1) · ~36% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C93-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-000001FC-QINU`"' (1) · ~75% (oral, as the active carboxylate after hepatic esterase activation)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000E95-QINU`"' (1) · ~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001140-QINU`"' (1) · ~95% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-000014C4-QINU`"' (1) · ~95% (oral; reduced by dairy, antacids, iron via divalent-cation chelation, though less than for tetracycline itself)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000047E-QINU`"' (1)