Drilldown: Medicines

None (3) · Budesonide (1) · Cefdinir (1) · Celecoxib (1) · Enalapril (and enalaprilat IV) (1) · Fexofenadine (1) · Fluorouracil (5-FU) (1) · Riboflavin (vitamin B2) (1) · Tretinoin (all-trans retinoic acid, ATRA) (1)

Allegra, Allegra Allergy 24 Hour, Mucinex Allergy (combo) — all now OTC in US (1) · Belsomra (1) · Celebrex (oral capsules), Elyxyb (oral solution, for acute migraine) (1) · Dayvigo (1) · Efudex (topical), Carac (topical), Fluoroplex (topical); generic IV (1) · Many generics/OTC (1) · Omnicef (discontinued in US under brand); mostly generic (1) · Pulmicort (inhaled), Rhinocort (intranasal), Entocort EC and Uceris (enteric-coated oral for IBD), Symbicort (with formoterol) (1) · Quviviq (1) · Retin-A, Renova, Atralin, Avita, Tretin-X, Refissa, Altreno; Vesanoid (oral, APL) (1) · Vasotec, Vasotec IV, Epaned (1)

APL)]] (1) · Dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) (3) · selective COX-2)]] (1) · the first approved (1) · [[:Category:ACE_inhibitors|ACE inhibitor]] (1) · [[:Category:Analgesics|Analgesic]] (1) · [[:Category:Antihistamines|Antihistamine]] (1) · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] (1) · [[:Category:Antimetabolites|Antimetabolite (pyrimidine analog)]] (1) · [[:Category:Antineoplastics|Antineoplastic (oral (1) · [[:Category:Antineoplastics|Antineoplastic]] (1) · [[:Category:B-vitamins|B-vitamin]] (1) · [[:Category:Beta-lactam_antibiotics|β-lactam antibiotic]] (1) · [[:Category:Cephalosporins|Cephalosporin (third-generation)]] (1) · [[:Category:Corticosteroids|Corticosteroid]] (1) · [[:Category:Glucocorticoids|Glucocorticoid]] (1) · [[:Category:H1_receptor_antagonists|Histamine H1 receptor antagonist (second-generation)]] (1) · [[:Category:Inhaled_corticosteroids|Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)]] (1) · [[:Category:NSAIDs|Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID (1) · [[:Category:Retinoids|Retinoid]] (1) · [[:Category:Topical_retinoids|Topical retinoid]] (1) · [[:Category:Vitamins|Vitamin]] (1)

None (7) · Competitive antagonist at OX1R and OX2R. Faster receptor association/dissociation kinetics than suvorexant (~16 sec dissociation vs ~57 sec) hypothesized to support sleep onset, with sufficient duration for maintenance. (1) · Competitive antagonist at OX1R and OX2R. First-in-class DORA. Receptor dissociation slower than lemborexant or daridorexant. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000CC9-QINU`"' Mostly excreted unchanged in feces and urine; P-glycoprotein substrate (the basis of the fruit-juice interaction). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000124C-QINU`"' The 400 mg/d dose for migraine prophylaxis is supported by randomized trials (Schoenen 1998) and remains a low-risk evidence-based supplement option. Characteristic bright-yellow urine fluorescence with high-dose oral supplementation. (1)

Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved August 2014). Also studied for insomnia in mild-moderate Alzheimer disease. (1) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Dec 2019) (1) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Jan 2022) (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000026-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000027-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000028-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000099F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009A0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009A1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009A2-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009A3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009A4-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000009DF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009E0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009E1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009E2-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009E3-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000B81-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000B82-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000B83-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000BA0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000BA1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000BA2-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000CCA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000CCB-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000011BA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000011BB-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000011BC-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000011BD-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000124D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000124E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000124F-QINU`"' (1)

10 mg PO 30 min before bedtime (with ≥7 hours of sleep planned) (1) · 25 mg PO at bedtime (no titration); may increase to 50 mg if 25 mg inadequate (1) · 300 mg PO BID, or 600 mg PO once daily, ×5-10 days; pediatric 14 mg/kg/d (1) · 5 mg PO at bedtime; may increase to 10 mg if inadequate (1) · 5-10 mg PO once daily (2.5 mg if on diuretic or in heart failure); titrate to 10-20 mg BID for HFrEF (1) · 60 mg PO BID or 180 mg PO once daily (1) · ICS Pulmicort Flexhaler 180-360 mcg BID; intranasal Rhinocort 64 mcg/spray, 1-2 sprays/nostril daily; Entocort EC 9 mg PO daily for active Crohn's; Symbicort 80/4.5 or 160/4.5 mcg, 2 puffs BID (1) · Migraine prophylaxis: 400 mg PO daily; deficiency replacement 5-30 mg/d (1) · Osteoarthritis: 200 mg PO once daily or 100 mg BID. Rheumatoid arthritis: 100-200 mg PO BID. Acute pain: 400 mg loading, then 200 mg every 12 hours (1) · Topical: 0.5-5% cream/solution to lesions BID × 2-4 weeks; systemic IV: regimen-specific in cancer chemotherapy (1) · Topical: pea-sized amount to dry face at bedtime, building from 2-3×/week to nightly as tolerated; oral APL: 45 mg/m²/d in divided doses (1)

0.5% (Carac), 1% (Fluoroplex), 5% (Efudex) topical creams/solutions; 50 mg/mL IV (1) · 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tablets; 1 mg/mL oral solution (Epaned); 1.25 mg/mL IV (enalaprilat) (1) · 25 mg, 50 mg tablets (1) · 25, 50, 100, 250, 400 mg tablets; OTC (1) · 30, 60, 180 mg tablets; 30 mg ODT; 6 mg/mL oral suspension; all OTC (1) · 300 mg capsules; 125, 250 mg/5 mL suspension (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg tablets (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg tablets (1) · Capsules 50, 100, 200, 400 mg; Elyxyb oral solution 25 mg/mL (1) · Pulmicort Flexhaler DPI 90, 180 mcg/dose; Pulmicort Respules 0.25, 0.5, 1 mg/2 mL nebulized; Rhinocort intranasal 32 mcg/spray; Entocort EC 3 mg capsules; Uceris 9 mg ER tablets and rectal foam (1) · Topical 0.01-0.1% creams, gels, micropsheres, lotions; oral 10 mg capsules (Vesanoid) (1)

10 mg/d (1) · 180 mg/d (adults) (1) · 20 mg/d (1) · 40 mg/d (1) · 400 mg/day for chronic indications; higher for short-term acute pain (1) · 50 mg/d (1) · 600 mg/d (1) · ICS ~1280 mcg/d; intranasal 256 mcg/d; Entocort 9 mg/d standard (1) · No strict ceiling for water-soluble vitamin; UL not set (1) · Topical: nightly; oral APL: 45 mg/m²/d (1) · Topical: nightly; systemic: regimen-specific (1)

Inhaled (1) · intranasal (1) · IV (2) · IV (rare) (1) · nebulized (1) · Oral (8) · oral (APL only) (1) · oral (enteric-coated (1) · rectal foam) (1) · Topical (2)

1-2 hours (1) · 30-60 minutes (1) · BP effect 1 hour; max at 4-6 hours (1) · Hours (1) · Inhaled: bronchial effect 1-2 weeks; oral GI effect 1-2 weeks (1) · Migraine effect after 1-3 months of daily use (1) · Topical: inflammation, erythema, crusting at 2 weeks; complete response weeks to months after course (1) · Topical: irritation within days; acne improvement 6-12 weeks; oral APL response within days (1) · ~30 min (3)

None · 24 hours · 4-6 hours · 12 hours · 6-8 hours · Daily dosing · 8-12 hours · 12-24 hours · Hours · Hours per application · 24 hours (HS dosing) · 24 hours (once-daily dosing) · 24 h · N/A · N/A (replacement) · Variable · ~7-8 hours · 3-5 hours · 4-6 hours (IR); 24 hours (ER) · 6-12 hours

Other values:

Search

~0.5-2 hours (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000BA3-QINU`"' (1) · ~1-2 hours plasma (riboflavin itself); FAD/FMN tissue cofactors are continuous (1) · ~1.7 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000009E4-QINU`"' (1) · ~10-20 minutes systemically (rapid hepatic and erythrocyte dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase clearance)'"`UNIQ--ref-000011BE-QINU`"' (1) · ~11 hours (enalaprilat, the active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B84-QINU`"' (1) · ~11 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000029-QINU`"' (1) · ~12 hours (1) · ~14 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CCC-QINU`"' (1) · ~17-19 hours (longer than daridorexant) (1) · ~2-3.6 hours (plasma)'"`UNIQ--ref-000009A5-QINU`"' (1) · ~8 hours (shorter than suvorexant and lemborexant) (1)

16-21% capsule, 25% suspension (oral; iron and antacids reduce absorption substantially)'"`UNIQ--ref-000009E5-QINU`"' (1) · Topical: minimal systemic absorption (oral systemic 5-FU not used due to poor and variable absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-000011BF-QINU`"' (1) · Topical: minimal systemic absorption with normal skin; oral: variable, induced metabolism with repeated dosing'"`UNIQ--ref-00000BA4-QINU`"' (1) · ~33% (oral; fruit juices including grapefruit, orange, and apple reduce absorption substantially via OATP1A2 inhibition — distinctive interaction not seen with most other H1s)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CCD-QINU`"' (1) · ~44% (1) · ~50-60% (oral; food enhances) (1) · ~6-13% inhaled lung deposition; ~10% oral (Entocort EC; extensive first-pass via CYP3A4 — this is the basis of the favorable hepatic-targeted local-effect profile in IBD)'"`UNIQ--ref-000009A6-QINU`"' (1) · ~60% (oral; food does not affect absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B85-QINU`"' (1) · ~62% (1) · ~82% (1) · ~99% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002A-QINU`"' (1)

None (1) · '''Contraindicated in pregnancy''' (all trimesters); fetal renal injury, oligohydramnios, skull hypoplasia, hypotension. Stop on detection'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B86-QINU`"' (1) · Avoid from 20 weeks gestation onward per FDA's 2020 expanded NSAID warning (fetal renal dysfunction, oligohydramnios); contraindicated from 30 weeks (risk of premature ductus arteriosus closure)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002B-QINU`"' (1) · Generally considered safe in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Generally considered safe; loratadine and cetirizine have more pregnancy data and are typically preferred.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Limited data; avoid (3) · Long the preferred ICS in pregnancy (Pulmicort) due to the most pregnancy data among the class.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Safe at replacement and supplement doses.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Topical: avoid; systemic: contraindicated in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

OTC (intranasal Rhinocort Allergy) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (other forms) in US (1) · OTC in US (2) · Rx, Schedule IV (US) (3) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (5)